Aminet 28/Aminet 28 (1998)(GTI - Schatztruhe)[!][Dec 1998].iso/CED/cedmanual.guide

Amigaguide Document | 1995-08-24 | 142KB | 2,321 lines

@database CedManual.guide
link to DosARexx
@Node Main "CedManual.guide"
                          CygnusEd Online Manual
    Welcome   to   the   CygnusEd  Professional  online  documentation.
CygnusEd  Professional  is  a powerful and fast text editor, designed to be
easy  to  learn  just by looking through the menus.  However, even the best
designed  program  has  some hidden or non-obvious features, and CygnusEd's
menus are large enough that it's easy to miss some important features.
    This  documentation  is  setup  so that it can easily be used as an
introduction  to  CygnusEd,  or  as a reference.  All of the buttons in the
block  below  contain  important information about how CygnusEd works, what
the  important  features are, and what the philosophy behind these features
is.   When  learning CygnusEd it is recommended that you at least glance at
all  of these sections, to see what CygnusEd has to offer, and then read in
detail those that interest you.
    CygnusEd  is  published by Cygnus Software, and is offered to Amiga
Computing readers by special Arrangement with Amiga Computing.
 @{" Metamac               - the macro editor " Link "Metamac"}
 @{" Ed                    - the CygnusEd invoker " Link "Ed"}
 @{" RecoverCedFiles       - recovering data after a crash " Link "RecoverCedFiles"}
 @{" Views overview        - multiple files, multiple views " Link "ViewsOverview"}
 @{" Macro Definitions     - automate repetitive tasks easily with macros " Link "MacroDefinitions"}
 @{" Command line options  - public screens, etc. " Link "CommandLine"}
 @{" ARexx commands        - expand CygnusEd through ARexx " Link "ARexx"}
    The  menu  buttons  are  best  used  as a reference when you have a
question  on  how  a  specific  menu  item  works.   All of CygnusEd's menu
commands are documented here.
 @{" Project menu " Link "Project"}
 @{" Environment menu " Link "Environment"}
 @{" Special menu " Link "Special"}
 @{" Cut/Paste menu " Link "CutPaste"}
 @{" Search/Replace menu " Link "SearchReplace"}
 @{" Move menu " Link "Move"}
@EndNode
@Node Project "Project menu"
                               Project menu
    The  commands  in  this menu are, as you would expect, mostly to do
with files, projects, printing and other similar operations.
 @{" About... " Link "About"}
 @{" Clear " Link "Clear"}
 @{" Open new - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-? " Link "OpenNew"}
 @{" Open... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-o " Link "Open"}
 @{" Include file... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-O " Link "IncludeFile"}
 @{" Save clip as... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-n " Link "SaveClipAs"}
 @{" Save - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-w " Link "Save"}
 @{" Save as... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-W " Link "SaveAs"}
 @{" Save all changes " Link "SaveAllChanges"}
 @{" Change current directory... " Link "ChangeCurrentDir"}
 @{" Spawn new CED      Ctrl+Esc " Link "SpawnNewCed"}
 @{" Activate next CED    Ctrl+n " Link "ActivateNextCed"}
 @{" Print clip... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-p " Link "PrintClip"}
 @{" Print file... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-P " Link "PrintFile"}
 @{" Quit - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-q " Link "Quit"}
 @{" Save & quit - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-Q " Link "SaveAndQuit"}
 @{" Quit & die " Link "QuitAndDie"}
@EndNode
@Node Environment "Environment menu"
                             Environment menu
    The  Environment  menu  is a uniquely CygnusEd three part menu that
contains all of the settings for how CygnusEd operates.
 @{" Global Settings " Link "GlobalSettings"}
 @{" File Settings " Link "FileSettings"}
 @{" View Settings " Link "ViewSettings"}
@EndNode
@Node GlobalSettings "Global Settings"
                              Global Settings
    The  'Global Settings' menu is the first part of the peculiar three
part  'Environment' menu.  The 'Global Settings' menu contains all of those
settings  which  affect  all  of  the  files  and  views in CygnusEd.  This
includes  such  things as screen resolution, macro definitions, fonts, etc.
These  settings  are  stored  in  your ceddefaults file if you select 'Save
Environment',  at the bottom of this menu.  When you first run CygnusEd the
'ceddefaults'  file  is  loaded  in  with  global,  file and view settings.
Whenever  a new file is loaded in, new extension specific settings from the
'File  Settings' menu will be loaded in if a ceddefaults file with the same
extension  (for  example,  ceddefaults.c,  or  ceddefaults.txt)  is  found.
However the global defaults are only loaded once, or if you explicitly load
them.   Therefore  it  is  important that when you change any of the global
settings  that  you  save  those  settings  in  the  ceddefaults  file  (no
extension) using the 'Save Environment' command.
 @{" Open on public screen... " Link "OpenOnPublic"}
 @{" Set screen type and size... " Link "SetScreen"}
 @{" Duplicate Workbench size " Link "DuplicateWB"}
 @{" Macro definitions " Link "MacroDefinitions"}
 @{" Begin short invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-m " Link "BeginShortMacro"}
 @{" Begin long invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-M " Link "BeginLongMacro"}
 @{" Define startup macro " Link "DefineStartupMacro"}
 @{" Quote key " Link "QuoteKey"}
 @{" Clear definitions " Link "ClearDefinitions"}
 @{" Load definitions... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-; " Link "LoadDefinitions"}
 @{" Save definitions... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-' " Link "SaveDefinitions"}
 @{" Priority " Link "Priority"}
 @{" Autosave " Link "AutoSave"}
 @{" Set icon tool name... " Link "SetIconToolName"}
 @{" Colours " Link "Colours"}
 @{" File save method " Link "FileSaveMethod"}
 @{" Icon creation? " Link "IconCreation"}
 @{" Hot-Start enabled? " Link "HotStart"}
 @{" Auto-expand views? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-[ " Link "AutoExpand"}
 @{" Keypad = movement? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-8 " Link "KeypadMovement"}
 @{" Select font " Link "SelectFont"}
 @{" Rendering choices " Link "RenderingChoices"}
 @{" Load environment " Link "LoadEnvironment"}
 @{" Save environment... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-E " Link "SaveEnvironment"}
@EndNode
@Node FileSettings "File Settings"
                               File Settings
    The 'File Settings' menu contains settings that are kept separately
for  each  file loaded into CygnusEd.  These settings are stored on disk in
separate  ceddefault  files  with  each  default  file  having  a different
extension.   If  you  load a file with a '.c' extension then CygnusEd looks
for a file called 'ceddefaults.c', in the current directory and then in S:.
If it finds such a file then it automatically loads in all of your file and
view settings from that settings file and applies them to the current view.
This  allows  you to easily have different tab sizes and other settings for
text files versus C source files.
 @{" Tab size " Link "TabSize"}
 @{" Customize tabs... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-t " Link "CustomizeTabs"}
 @{" Set right border... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-^ " Link "SetRightBorder"}
 @{" Set scroll jump " Link "SetScrollJump"}
 @{" Max scroll   xx... " Link "MaxScroll"}
 @{" Layout? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-5 " Link "Layout"}
 @{" Word wrap? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-6 " Link "WordWrap"}
 @{" Insert mode? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-7 " Link "InsertNode"}
 @{" Tabs = spaces? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-0 " Link "TabsSpaces"}
 @{" Editable file? " Link "EditableFile"}
@EndNode
@Node ViewSettings "View Settings"
                               View Settings
    CygnusEd  allows you to have multiple cooperating views on a single
file.   All  of these views are windows into the same data.  Changes in one
view are reflected in the others.  In fact, if several views are displaying
the same area of a particular file, you can see changes happening in all of
the  views simultaneously.  The settings in this menu are stored separately
for different views of a particular file.  This is occasionally useful.
 @{" Status line " Link "StatusLine"}
 @{" White spaces " Link "WhiteSpaces"}
 @{" Scroll bar " Link "ScrollBar"}
 @{" Set scroll borders... " Link "SetScrollBorders"}
 @{" Views overview " Link "ViewsOverview"}
@EndNode
@Node Special "Special menu"
                               Special menu
    The  Special  menu  is,  as  the  name  suggests,  a  grab  bag  of
miscellaneous  functions  that  don't  fit  into  any  of  the  other  neat
categories.
 @{" View operations " Link "ViewOperations"}
 @{" Previous view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-, " Link "PreviousView"}
 @{" Next view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-. " Link "NextView"}
 @{" Split view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-d " Link "SplitView"}
 @{" Expand view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-] " Link "ExpandView"}
 @{" Grow view " Link "GrowView"}
 @{" Shrink view " Link "ShrinkView"}
 @{" Format " Link "Format"}
 @{" Post period spaces... " Link "PostPeriodSpaces"}
 @{" DOS/ARexx interface " Link "DosARexx"}
 @{" Send DOS/ARexx command... " Link "SendDosArexx"}
 @{" Install DOS/ARexx command... " Link "InstallDosArexx"}
 @{" Load DOS/ARexx commands... " Link "LoadDosARexx"}
 @{" Save DOS/ARexx commands... " Link "SaveDosARexx"}
 @{" Send DOS/ARexx output to... " Link "SendDosARexx"}
 @{" Enter ASCII... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-- " Link "EnterASCII"}
 @{" Center cursor - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-= " Link "CenterCursor"}
 @{" Center line - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-\ " Link "CenterLine"}
 @{" Repeat key/menu... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-\ " Link "RepeatKeyMenu"}
 @{"  " Link "
 @{" Find matching bracket - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-h " Link "FindMatching"}
 @{" Mark/Jump Location " Link "MarkJumpLocation"}
@EndNode
@Node CutPaste "Cut/Paste menu"
                              Cut/Paste menu
    The  Cut/Paste  menu  is  primarily  concerned with various ways of
cutting  out  part  of  file and, optionally, pasting it in somewhere else.
CygnusEd  has  the  fairly  unique feature of having many different cut and
paste  buffers.   The  standard  cut/copy/paste commands can use any of the
Amiga  clipboards  255  different units, and the word and line specific cut
and paste commands each have their own clip buffers also.
 @{" Mark - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-b " Link "Mark"}
 @{" Mark columnar - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-B " Link "MarkColumnar"}
 @{" Cut - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-x " Link "Cut"}
 @{" Copy - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-c " Link "Copy"}
 @{" Paste - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-v " Link "Paste"}
 @{" Set clipboard unit... " Link "SetClipboardUnit"}
 @{" Rot marked " Link "RotMarked"}
 @{" Strip CR marked " Link "StripCRMarked"}
 @{" Change case marked " Link "ChangeCaseMarked"}
 @{" Delete word            Ctrl+Del " Link "DeleteWord"}
 @{" Undelete word      Ctrl+Alt+Del " Link "UndeleteWord"}
 @{" Bck Spc word        Ctrl+BckSpc " Link "BackspaceWord"}
 @{" UnBck Spc word  Ctrl+Alt+BckSpc " Link "UnbackspaceWord"}
 @{" Delete line - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-k " Link "DeleteLine"}
 @{" Delete to EOL - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-y " Link "DeleteToEOL"}
 @{" Undelete line - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-l " Link "UndeleteLine"}
@EndNode
@Node SearchReplace "Search/Replace menu"
                            Search/Replace menu
    The  Search/Replace  menu primarily contains commands to invoke and
control  CygnusEd's  high-speed  searching and replacing.  In addition this
menu  contains  commands  for  changing  the case of words and letters, and
controlling CygnusEd's undo ability.
 @{" Repeat search backwards - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-a " Link "RepeatSearchBackwards"}
 @{" Repeat search forwards - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-s " Link "RepeatSearchForwards"}
 @{" Search for... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-S " Link "SearchFor"}
 @{" Repeat replace - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-r " Link "RepeatReplace"}
 @{" Replace... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-R " Link "Replace"}
 @{" Clip to search buffer " Link "ClipToSearchBuffer"}
 @{" Set ASCII zero alias for search... " Link "SetASCIIzeroAlias"}
 @{" Change case letter - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-g " Link "ChangeCaseLetter"}
 @{" Change case word - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-G " Link "ChangeCaseWord"}
 @{" Upper case word " Link "UpperCaseWord"}
 @{" Lower case word " Link "LowerCaseWord"}
 @{" Undo " Link "Undo"}
@EndNode
@Node Move "Move menu"
                                 Move menu
    CygnusEd's  move menu contains all of the cursor movement commands.
Most  of the menu items, the bottom fifteen, are there purely as a place to
put  the  keyboard  shortcuts  for  the  cursor  movement  commands, as the
ultimate  in  online documentation.  You can select these commands from the
menu with the mouse, but few people actually do.
 @{" Jump to line... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-j " Link "JumpToLine"}
 @{" Jump to auto-mark - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-4 " Link "JumpToAutoMark"}
 @{" Jump to byte... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-J " Link "JumpToByte"}
 @{" Cursor key movement " Link "CursorKeyMovement"}
@EndNode
@Node About "About..."
                                 About...
    The 'About' menu command brings up an informative requester telling
you what version of CygnusEd you are running.
@EndNode
@Node Clear "Clear"
                                   Clear
    The  'Clear'  command  clears  out the current file, including it's
name.  All views of the current file will be cleared.  If you have made any
changes then you will be asked to confirm the clear before proceeding.  You
can undo this operation, but the file name is permanently lost.
@EndNode
@Node OpenNew "Open new - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-?"
                  Open new - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-?
    The  'Open  New'  command creates a new, empty file buffer.  If the
current  file  has  multiple views on it then the current view will be used
for the new file buffer.  If the current file has just one view on it, then
a new view will be created for it.
@EndNode
@Node Open "Open... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-o"
                  Open... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-o
    The  'Open'  command  is  used  to  load  a new file from disk into
CygnusEd.   The file is always loaded into the current view - a new view is
not created for the new file.  If the current file has multiple views on it
then  the  current view will be used for the new file.  If the current file
has  just  one  view on it, then the new file will replace the current one.
If  the current file has been changed then you will be aksed to confirm the
overwrite.   The standard ASL file requester is used to select the file, or
files,  to  open.   If  multiple files are chosen then additional views are
opened for the additional files.
@EndNode
@Node IncludeFile "Include file... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-O"
              Include file... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-O
    The  'Include  file'  command  is  used  to  insert a file into the
current  file.  Including a file in this way is similar to pasting from the
clipboard,  except  that  you  are  pasting  from  a file instead of from a
clipboard.    Note   that   the  keyboard  shortcut  for  this  command  is
Amiga-Shift-o,  which  is  very  similar  to  the  open  command's keyboard
shortcut  of  Amiga-o.   This  similarity  reflects  the  fact that the two
commands  are  similar,  in that they both load in files.  The standard ASL
file requester is used to select the file to include.
@EndNode
@Node SaveClipAs "Save clip as... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-n"
              Save clip as... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-n
    The  'Save  clip  as'  command  saves  the  current contents of the
clipboard  as  a file on disk.  This is very convenient if you want to save
part  of  a file as a new file on disk, or if you want to break a file into
two  parts.  Alternately you can use the 'Open new' command, paste into the
new buffer, and save the new buffer with the 'Save' or 'Save as' commands.
@EndNode
@Node Save "Save - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-w"
                    Save - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-w
    The  'Save'  command saves the current file under its current name.
If  the  current  file  is  unnamed,  then  the standard ASL file requester
appears to allow you to select a file name.  The save will occur even if no
changes have been made to the file.
@EndNode
@Node SaveAs "Save as... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-W"
                 Save as... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-W
    The 'Save as' command brings up the ASL file requester to allow you
to  save the current file under a new name.  The save will occur even if no
changes have been made to the file.
@EndNode
@Node SaveAllChanges "Save all changes"
                             Save all changes
    The 'Save all changes' command will save all loaded files that have
been  changed.   Changed  files are indicated with an asterisk ('*') in the
title  bar.   The  number  of  changes made since the last save can also be
displayed (see the 'Status Line' command in the 'View Settings' menu).
@EndNode
@Node ChangeCurrentDir "Change current directory..."
                        Change current directory...
    If  you  make use of CygnusEd's ability to execute DOS commands and
ARexx  scripts  from within CygnusEd then you sometimes need the ability to
change  CygnusEd's  directory,  because  these  commands inherit CygnusEd's
current  directory.  The standard ASL directory requester is used to select
a new current directory.
@EndNode
@Node SpawnNewCed "Spawn new CED      Ctrl+Esc"
                        Spawn new CED      Ctrl+Esc
    Although  CygnusEd can edit multiple files, and have multiple views
on  each  of  those  files,  it  sometimes  makes  sense to make use of the
multitasking abilities of the Amiga by running multiple copies of CygnusEd.
This  can  give  you  extra  flexilibity  in the arranging of your document
windows,  even allowing you to have different copies of CygnusEd running on
different  screens.   Additional  copies  can be run from the CLI, from the
workbench, or by selecting 'Spawn new CED'.
@EndNode
@Node ActivateNextCed "Activate next CED    Ctrl+n"
                        Activate next CED    Ctrl+n
    If  you run multiple copies of CygnusEd you will frequently need to
switch between them.  This command makes it easy to do this.
@EndNode
@Node PrintClip "Print clip... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-p"
               Print clip... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-p
    The  'Print  clip'  command starts up a background process to print
the  contents  of the clipboard to your printer.  Because the printing runs
in  the  background  you  can resume work immediately.  However, you cannot
exit CygnusEd until printing has completed.
@EndNode
@Node PrintFile "Print file... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-P"
               Print file... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-P
    The  'Print  file'  command starts up a background process to print
the  contents  of  the  current file to your printer.  Because the printing
runs  in  the  background you can resume work immediately, even editing the
document  that  is  being printed, without affecting the results.  However,
you cannot exit CygnusEd until printing has been completed.
@EndNode
@Node Quit "Quit - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-q"
                    Quit - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-q
    The 'Quit' command does not necessarily tell CygnusEd to completely
quit.   It would be more accurate to describe it as a 'Close view' command.
The  current  view on the current file is closed.  If that is the last view
on  that file then the file is cleared from memory (after confirmation from
the user if there were any changes to the file).  If there is only one view
open  when  this  command is chosen then then CygnusEd's main window closes
also.   However,  even  then CygnusEd may not completely terminate.  If you
are  using  the  'Hot  Start'  feature  of  CygnusEd, then CygnusEd remains
dormant,  ready  to  be  invoked  by  the hot key (Alt-Shift-Return) or the
CygnusEd invoker program, ed.
@EndNode
@Node SaveAndQuit "Save & quit - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-Q"
                Save & quit - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-Q
    The  'Save  &  quit' command is just like the 'Quit' command except
that  the current file is first saved.  Again, this command is best thought
of as 'Save & close view' rather than 'Save & quit'.
@EndNode
@Node QuitAndDie "Quit & die"
                                Quit & die
    If  you  are using the 'Hot Start' feature of CygnusEd then closing
down the last view does not actually terminate the program - unless you use
the 'Quite & die' command.  This removes CygnusEd from memory after closing
the last view.
@EndNode
@Node OpenOnPublic "Open on public screen..."
                         Open on public screen...
    One  of  the  wonderful  new features of the AmigaDos 2.0 operating
system  is public screens.  Many programs, such as Mand2000, Art Department
Professional, Directory Opus and many others open what are known as 'public
screens'.   If  one  of these programs is running when you select this menu
item  then  a  requester  will  appear  listing all the currently available
public screens that are at least 640 by 200 pixels in size.  You can select
any  of  these  screens,  and  suddenly  CygnusEd  is running on Mand2000's
screen,  so  that  you  can  write letters while you explore fractals!  The
workbench screen is the one public screen that is always available, so that
this  command  is how you get CygnusEd to open on the workbench screen.  If
there  is only one public screen available, typically the workbench screen,
then  no  requester appears and CygnusEd moves directly to that screen.  If
you  have  multiple  copies of CygnusEd running and if CygnusEd is setup to
declare  its  own  screen  to  be public then you can open a second copy of
CygnusEd on another CygnusEd's screen.
@EndNode
@Node SetScreen "Set screen type and size..."
                        Set screen type and size...
    This  command invokes the standard ASL screen mode requester.  This
requester  allows  you  to select any standard Amiga screen mode, including
the  new  AGA  screen  modes.  It also allows you to pick a wide variety of
screen  modes  that become available if you install one of many third party
graphics boards that supply intuition compatible screen modes.  Such boards
include  the  Picasso,  Retina,  EGS Spectrum and many others.  CygnusEd is
highly compatible with all of these graphics boards.
@EndNode
@Node DuplicateWB "Duplicate Workbench size"
                         Duplicate Workbench size
    The  'Duplicate  Workbench  size'  command is provided based on the
assumption  that  as monitors and graphics boards change, people frequently
need  to  change  the  screen  modes  that  they work with, and that it's a
nuisance  to  have  to  change  the  screen modes for potentially dozens of
different  programs.   This  problem  can  be  particularly annoying if the
program  you  are  trying  to change comes up in a no longer visible screen
mode,  forcing  you  to  reconfigure  it  blind.   If  you  set CygnusEd to
'Duplicate Workbench size' then CygnusEd will always open up in exactly the
same  screen  mode and resolution as you workbench screen, meaning that you
will  never  have  to  reconfigure  it  again.   CygnusEd will open up on a
different screen from the workbench, but this screen will be identical.
@EndNode
@Node MacroDefinitions "Macro definitions"
                             Macro definitions
    CygnusEd  features  a  very  powerful macro definition ability that
makes  it  possible  to  assign  any sequence of commands to any key on the
keyboard,  with  no  programming required.  Creating macros in CygnusEd and
remapping  the  keyboard  is  so easy that CygnusEd users frequently create
'throwaway'  macros  for  key  sequences that they will only be repeating a
couple  of  times.  The basic way of defining macros in CygnusEd is to type
Amiga-m,  the  key you want to assign the macro to, do the actions you want
recorded  (all  the commands are processed while you do this) and then stop
defining by typing Amiga-m again.  That's it.
 @{" Begin short invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-m " Link "BeginShortMacro"}
 @{" Begin long invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-M " Link "BeginLongMacro"}
 @{" Define startup macro " Link "DefineStartupMacro"}
 @{" Quote key " Link "QuoteKey"}
 @{" Clear definitions " Link "ClearDefinitions"}
 @{" Load definitions... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-; " Link "LoadDefinitions"}
 @{" Save definitions... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-' " Link "SaveDefinitions"}
@EndNode
@Node BeginShortMacro "Begin short invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-m"
        Begin short invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-m
    This is the most commonly used command for defining macros.  Select
this command (or, more commonly, type Amiga-m) and then follow the prompts.
The  first  thing you will be prompted for is a key to assign the macro to.
This  can  be  a  single  key,  such as F1, 'B', or 'Enter', or it can be a
modified  key,  such  as  Ctrl-U, Alt-Shift-8, or Ctrl-Alt-Shift-Amiga-Tab.
Every  key  on  the keyboard, with the exception of the control, alt, shift
and  Amiga keys, can have a macro assigned to it.  Because the Amiga key is
a valid qualifier key, you can override the supplied command key shortcuts.
Because  control, alt and shift are also valid qualifier keys, you can have
as  many  as  sixteen  commands  attached  to one key.  In order to end the
definition  of  a  macro,  select this command again.  In other words, this
command is simultaneously stop and start definition.
    Macros   can   contain  any  keystroke,  including  Amiga-key  menu
shortcuts,  indeed  they  can  contain  any menu command at all.  If a menu
command  in  a  macro  brings up a requester, such as the search requester,
then  CygnusEd  will query you as to whether you would like the contents of
the  requester  stored  in  the  macro.   If you answer yes then the search
string  and flags will be inserted at playback time, and the requester will
not  be displayed - the same string will be searched for each time.  If you
answer no then the requester will come up each time you playback the macro.
If  you  want  your  macro  to  search for whatever string is in the search
buffer  at  the  time  the  macro  is invoked, then you would need to use a
search  command  that doesn't bring up a requester at all - such as 'Repeat
search  forwards'.   The  same principles apply to the 'Open' and 'Save as'
requesters, the 'Send DOS/ARexx command'' and other requesters.
    If  in  the  course of defining a new macro you invoke a previously
defined  macro then the contents of the previously defined macro are played
back  into  the  new  macro.  The new macro receives a copy of the previous
macros contents.  If at a later date you change the original macro, the new
macro with its copy is unaffected.
    The  only  menu commands that can not be included inside a CygnusEd
macro are the macro menu commands.
    To delete an existing macro, either use metamac, or assign an empty
macro  to  that  key.  That is, select 'Begin short invocation macro', then
enter the keystroke, then select 'Begin short invocation macro' again.
    The commands in the macro menu cannot be added to macros.
    In  practice  we  suggest  using  the function keys and control-key
sequences for creating commands.
    Some  of  my  favourite  macros  are  listed  here,  along with the
keyboard shortcuts I use for them:
    I attach the following macro to Ctrl-Return.  It has the convenient
(for  C  programmers)  effect of creating a new brace block and leaving the
cursor on an indented line.
    shift-Return (auto-indent)
    shift-Return (auto-indent)
    up arrow
    shift-Return (auto-indent)
    I  attach  the following macro to Ctrl-S.  It has the useful affect
(for dyslexics) of swapping the next two characters.
    Delete
    right-arrow
    Alt-Delete (undelete last deleted character)
    left-arrow
    If  you wish to edit macros that you have created, see the separate
utility program 'MetaMac'.
@EndNode
@Node BeginLongMacro "Begin long invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-M"
        Begin long invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-M
    To increase potential compatibility with other text-editors such as
Micro-Emacs,  that have rather long and convoluted multi-character keyboard
commands,  CygnusEd  allows  you  to  assign  macros to key sequences.  The
keyboard shortcut for this command is Amiga-shift-m, as opposed to Amiga-m,
to  reflect the similarity with the 'Begin short invocation macro' command.
With  this  command,  after you type the first character to use in invoking
the  command, you will be prompted as to whether you want to use additional
keystrokes  to  invoke  this command.  You can define as long an invocation
sequence  as you want, but realistically, anything more than two characters
is  unmanageable.   You  could, for instance, assign the 'Paste' command to
the  rather non-standard sequence ctrl-P,ctrl-A,ctrl-S,ctrl-T,ctrl-e.  Some
might even argue that this is an intuitive and wonderful way to set up your
text  editor.   Others,  more sensible, might argue that the punishment for
mistyping a single character is too annoying.
    In  order  to  end  the  definition of a macro, select this command
again.   In  other  words,  this  command  is simultaneously stop and start
definition.
    As  with  the  single  character invocation macros, long invocation
macros can be edited with the separate utility program 'MetaMac'.
@EndNode
@Node DefineStartupMacro "Define startup macro"
                           Define startup macro
    If  you like to have your text editor always great you by typing in
a  cheery  'Hello  jack',  or  if, like the majority of us who aren't named
Jack,  you'd  rather have your text editor invoke a particular ARexx script
on  startup,  the  startup  macro  is  perfect for you.  Simply select this
command  and  then  enter  the sequence of commands you wish played back at
startup.   To  end  the  macro  definition,  select 'Begin short invocation
macro'.
@EndNode
@Node QuoteKey "Quote key"
                                 Quote key
    You  may  end  up assigning a macro to a key, such as Ctrl-S, which
you  occasionally  need  to  type into a document.  If you need to do this,
select the 'Quote key' command followed by the key in question.  The 'Quote
key'  command tells CygnusEd to ignore any macros assigned to the keystroke
which follows.
@EndNode
@Node ClearDefinitions "Clear definitions"
                             Clear definitions
    The  'Clear  definitions' command clears all currently loaded macro
definitions.
@EndNode
@Node LoadDefinitions "Load definitions... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-;"
            Load definitions... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-;
    The  'Load  definitions'  command  loads  a CygnusEd macro file in,
first clearing out all existing macro definitions.
@EndNode
@Node SaveDefinitions "Save definitions... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-'"
            Save definitions... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-'
    The  'Save definitions' command saves the currently loaded CygnusEd
macro  definitions.   The  macros  can be saved to any filename, but if you
save them to s:cedmacros (the default name) then they will be automatically
loaded  in  when  you  run  CygnusEd  the  next  time.  If you save them to
cedmacros in some directory other than s:  then they will only be loaded in
if the cedmacros file is in you current directory when you run CygnusEd.
@EndNode
@Node Priority "Priority"
                                 Priority
   Inherit?
   Priority  x?
Set priority...
    In  order to cooperate well in the Amiga's multitasking environment
it  is  important  that  CygnusEd have its multitasking priority set to the
appropriate  level,  so  that  it  doesn't  steal  more  CPU  time  than is
necessary,  but  it  doesn't  run  sluggishly.   There  are two modes which
CygnusEd can operate in for deciding it's priority.  One is to inherit it's
priority from its parent.  Its parent would either be the workbench, if you
run  it  from there, or a CLI, if you run it from there.  The priority of a
CLI  can  be  changed with the ChangeTaskPri command.  If the priority of a
CLI  is  changed  after  CygnusEd  is run, that has no effect on CygnusEd's
priority.
    The  other  more  common  way  is  to  set  CygnusEd  to a specific
priority.   The  default  is one.  This is usually a good choice because if
you  are compiling or ray tracking at a priority of zero or lower, CygnusEd
will  run  at  top speed, unaffected by your ray tracing.  This is probably
what  you  want, since speed and responsiveness are terribly important in a
text editor, but not even possible in a ray tracer.  If CygnusEd is sitting
idle,  when  you aren't using it, CygnusEd will use zero CPU time, so there
is  rarely  a  reason to lower CygnusEd's priority.  The one operation that
should  have  a  higher  priority  than  CygnusEd  is any telecommunication
programs you may run, as downloads may experience errors if CygnusEd steals
too many CPU cycles from them.
    The  'Inherit'  and 'Priority n?' check boxes (where 'n' represents
the currently selected fixed priority) decide whether CygnusEd inherits its
priority or sets it absolutely.  The 'Set priority...' command lets you set
the fixed priority, but it has no affect if 'Inherit?' is set.
@EndNode
@Node AutoSave "Autosave"
                                 Autosave
   xx min?
Set timer...
    The  autosave command is an extremely handy feature for making sure
that you don't lose work in case of an unexpected crash.  Although CygnusEd
is  an  extremely  stable  and  torture  tested  program,  other  programs,
especially  ones  in  development,  may  unexpectedly take down your Amiga.
Although autosave can't completely protect you, it can minimize the damage.
    If you enable autosave (select the 'n min?' command to make a check
box appear) then all changed files will be saved to temporary files every n
minutes  (you  set  the  interval with 'Set timer...').  If you are editing
'letter.txt'  then an autosave copy will be saved to 'letter.txt.auts'.  If
you  later  manage  to  successfully save your changes, or if you close the
file  without saving, then the autosave file will be automatically deleted.
However  if  your system crashes unexpectedly, then the autosave files will
be  left  behind.  The next time you go to edit 'letter.txt.auts', CygnusEd
will  tell  you  that  there  is an autosave version, and will give you the
option  to  load it in instead of the older version.  It will then load the
autosave  version  in under the proper file name, without '.auts'.  So even
if  you  don't  realize that you've lost changes, CygnusEd will remind you.
If you do realize that you've lost some changes, you can also look for them
by searching for '#?.auts' files.
    If  you  are  editing  a  new  file that you have not yet saved (an
unnamed    file)    then    CygnusEd    will    autosave    the   file   as
'CygnusEdUnNamedN.auts',  where  the  'N' represents a number, necessary to
ensure  that  the  filename is unique.  Because the file was never saved by
you,  CygnusEd can't warn you of the unsaved version the next time you load
the  real version.  Therefore after a crash, if you think you may have been
working on new files it is important that you look for any #?.auts files.
@EndNode
@Node SetIconToolName "Set icon tool name..."
                           Set icon tool name...
    When  files  are saved from CygnusEd they can, optionally, be saved
with an icon, for easy access from the workbench.  The 'Set icon tool name'
allows  you  to specify what the default tool should be for the icons.  The
'default tool' is the program that will be run when you double click on the
icon.   The  default  'default  tool'  is  'ed',  the CygnusEd invoker.  An
alternate,  more  flexible way of controlling the icon used for files saved
from  CygnusEd  is to create the icon you want used, complete with imagery,
tool  types  and  save  it  to  'env:ced/def_cedfile.info'.  You'll have to
create  the  'env:ced' directory, and you'll probably want to save the icon
to  'envarc:ced/def_cedfile.info'  as  well,  to make your preferred icon a
permanent setting.
@EndNode
@Node Colours "Colours"
                                  Colours
Cycle colours - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-$
Adjust colours...
Use WBench colours
    CygnusEd  allows limited control over the colours it uses, and then
only  when  it  is using its own screen (ie; CygnusEd will not allow you to
change  the  colours  of  the  workbench  screen  or some other screen that
CygnusEd  is 'visiting').  The cycle-colours command, a rarely used command
that  is  granted  a  keyboard  shortcut  for anachronistic reasons, merely
shuffles  the  four  available  colours  through  all  of  the  twenty-four
mathematical  permutations and possibilities.  'Adjust colours' brings up a
colour  selection  requester, which allows you to customize the colours any
way that you want.  'Use WBench colours' tells CygnusEd to grab the colours
from  the  workbench  screen.  It also tells CygnusEd to grab the workbench
colours  every  time CygnusEd is run, meaning that any changes in workbench
colours will soon be reflected in CygnusEd's colour scheme.
@EndNode
@Node FileSaveMethod "File save method"
                             File save method
    CygnusEd  offers  you  a  number  of  different ways of saving your
files,  depending  on  how  strongly  you  value  safety versus speed.  The
simplest  method  is  'Simple  saves'.  With this method the file is simply
saved  out  directly.   This  is slightly faster than the other methods, it
avoids  ever  having  multiple  copies  of  file  on disk (handy if you are
running very low on space) and, because it doesn't create a brand new file,
it  can  avoid  some permission problems when saving to a file server.  The
main  problem  with  'Simple  saves'  is  that  if your Amiga crashes while
CygnusEd  is  in  the process of writing out the file, not only are the new
changes  lost, it's quite likely that the old file is lost as well, leaving
you with a zero length file.  If this does happen to you, stop your Amiga's
reboot  with a well placed Ctrl-D and look at the disaster recovery section
of this manual.
    Next  up on the safety scale is 'Safe saves'.  With this method the
file  is  saved  to a temporary filename, and when all of the data has been
safely  written to disk, the old file is deleted and the new one is renamed
into  its  place.   With  this  method,  if your Amiga crashes, it is quite
likely  that  either  the  old  file,  the  new file, or both, will survive
unscathed.   The  old  file  will typically be found unaltered, and the new
file may be found listed under a name such as 'CygnusEdTemp.0Na', where 'N'
represents some number.
    Finally, the safest method, my favourite, my recommended choice, is
'Backup  to *.bak'.  This method is very similar to safe saves, and has all
of its benefits.  However instead of deleting the old file, the old file is
rename to '*.bak'.  If you are editing 'file.txt' then the old version will
get  renamed to 'file.txt.bak' (deleting any older versions of file.txt.bak
if  necessary).   Not only does this make the saving process easier, but it
allows you to revert to a previous version, long after you finish saving.
@EndNode
@Node IconCreation "Icon creation?"
                              Icon creation?
    The  'Icon creation?' toggle governs whether CygnusEd saves an icon
with each file it saves.  See 'Set icon tool name' for more information.
@EndNode
@Node HotStart "Hot-Start enabled?"
                            Hot-Start enabled?
    In order to sate the power hungry desires of impatient programmers,
CygnusEd  has  an  optional mode, used by almost all CygnusEd users, called
'Hot-Start'.   If you enable this mode it means that when you exit CygnusEd
it  doesn't  really exit.  It sits waiting for your next command, invisible
to   the   untrained   eye.    To  awaken  CygnusEd  you  can  simply  type
'Alt-Shift-Return'  -  easily drummed out with the right hand, and CygnusEd
instantly pops into view.  If you are at the command line then you can type
'ed'  or  'ed  filename' or 'ed *.c' and CygnusEd will pop up into view and
load  the requested files.  For more information, see 'Quit & Die' and 'Ed:
the CygnusEd invoker'
@EndNode
@Node AutoExpand "Auto-expand views? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-["
             Auto-expand views? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-[
    CygnusEd  can  have  many  different  files open and many different
views on these files, Some people, like myself, like most of these views to
be  open  so  that  I  can  see  the contents of many files simultaneously.
Others  feel  that  only the currently active file is of interest, and they
want all others to shrink away to nothing.  'Auto-expand views?' turns on a
mode  in  which  whenever  a  new view becomes active, either through being
selected  with  the  mouse or through the next/previous view commands, that
view  is  expanded  to maximum size, while the surrounding views are shrunk
down to the minimum one line height.
@EndNode
@Node KeypadMovement "Keypad = movement? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-8"
             Keypad = movement? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-8
    For  those  who work on IBM compatible computers all day, and yearn
for  the thrill of a numeric keypad that doesn't type numbers, this command
is  for  you.   Enabling  this  command  turns  the  numeric  keypad into a
directional pad, with 2, 4, 6, and 8 being arrow keys, 1 and 7 being end of
line  and  beginning of line (end and home), 3 and 9 being bottom of screen
and  top of screen (page down and page up), 0 toggling insert mode, and '.'
being the same as delete.
@EndNode
@Node SelectFont "Select font"
                                Select font
Select disk font...
Topaz 80 column
Topaz 60 column
    CygnusEd was never intended to be a word processor, so don't expect
fancy  font  capabilities.   CygnusEd  does not allow multiple fonts in one
file, it simply allows you to select alternate fonts for all of your files,
to  allow  you  to choose the appropriate font for your particular graphics
card,  monitor,  and  visual  acuteness.  You can either select Topaz 80 or
Topaz  60, or use the standard ASL font requester to choose any mono-spaced
font from disk.
@EndNode
@Node RenderingChoices "Rendering choices"
                             Rendering choices
   Use custom scrolling routines?
   Use system scrolling routines?
   Make screen public?
    CygnusEd's  lightning  fast screen update and scrolling have always
been  two of the features that have ensured its success.  However being the
fastest  on  the  block  doesn't  help if everybody is moving to a graphics
board  that  you're  not  compatible with.  Therefore CygnusEd 3.5 offers a
number  of  options  to  allow  you  to  choose  the balance between system
compatibility and speed that is right for you.
    The  fastest routines are chosen by selecting 'Use custom scrolling
routines'.  With this choice CygnusEd writes characters directly to display
memory  (when  on  its  own  screen) and programs the blitter directly, for
scrolling and redraws that happen faster than the eye can see.
    Direct  blitter  programming  can  cause  CygnusEd  to sop up every
single  bus  cycle  available  and,  for reasons never quite explained, can
cause  some  terminal  programs to experience data errors while downloading
files.   All  sorts  of  explanations as to why this can't happen have been
given,  but  it  continues happening.  So, the simple solution is to select
'Use  system  scrolling routines?'.  In this mode the scrolling is slightly
slower (but still very fast) and the characters are written directly to the
screen at a minimum speed of 30,000 characters per second.
    The  most  system compatible mode, compatible with most third party
graphics  boards,  is  to  make  CygnusEd's  screen  public.   In this mode
CygnusEd  strictly follows the rules and allows other programs to share its
screen.   This  allows  you  to,  for instance, open Mand2000 on CygnusEd's
screen, and do some four colour fractal exploration while writing the great
Canadian  novel.   Or you open Art Department Professional on your CygnusEd
screen  so  that  you can watch your ARexx scripts process images while you
write e-mail.
@EndNode
@Node LoadEnvironment "Load environment"
                             Load environment
Default - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-e
Specify...
    All  of  the  settings above can be saved to CygnusEd's environment
files.   Typically  those  settings are automatically loaded in, but if you
wish  you  can force those settings to be reloaded.  'Default' loads in the
default settings file, based on the current file extension.  If the current
file  is  called  'fred.txt' then the file 'ceddefaults.txt' will be looked
for,  in the current directory and then in 'S:'.  If that file isn't found,
then  'ceddefaults'  (no extension) will be looked for, also in the current
directory  and  then  in 'S:'.  All settings, global, file and view will be
loaded.
    'Specify' lets you select any settings file and load it in.
@EndNode
@Node SaveEnvironment "Save environment... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-E"
            Save environment... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-E
    This  command  allows  you  to  save all of the current environment
settings.   All  of  the  global,  file  and  view settings are saved.  The
default  file  name  supplied  is  'S:ceddefaults.ext'  where '.ext' is the
extension  of the current file you're editing.  If you have made changes to
the   global   settings,  you  should  probably  save  the  environment  to
'S:ceddefaults'  as  well as the global defaults are by default loaded from
there  initially, and are never loaded again, unless specifically requested
by the user.
@EndNode
@Node TabSize "Tab size"
                                 Tab size
    CygnusEd  supports  true  tabs,  of  any size ranging from 1 to ten
spaces  long.   Typical  sizes  are five or eight for writing letters, two,
three  or  four  for writing programs.  Files that are displayed with a tab
size  other  than  the one they were created with can lose their formatting
and look quite terrible.
    Interesting animations can be made by swiftly changing the tab size
of an excessively indented C file.  Try holding down the shift key and drag
selecting  all  ten tab sizes, then watch as CygnusEd changes tab sizes ten
times.  Or make a macro with even more tab size changes.
@EndNode
@Node CustomizeTabs "Customize tabs... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-t"
             Customize tabs... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-t
    Some  people,  particularly  assembly  language programmers, aren't
satisfied  with  evenly  spaced tabs.  They want a tab for opcodes, another
for  operands,  and  a  third,  way  out  there,  for  comments.  Selecting
'Customize  tabs'  lets  you specify any arbitrary arrangement of tab stops
that you would like.
@EndNode
@Node SetRightBorder "Set right border... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-^"
            Set right border... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-^
    The  'Set  right  border' command allows you specify a right border
for  your  documents.   This  right  border  affects  word  wrap, paragraph
reformatting, and centering of lines.
@EndNode
@Node SetScrollJump "Set scroll jump"
                              Set scroll jump
    CygnusEd  can scroll your files faster than the eye can follow, but
sometimes  an  unreadable  blur of text isn't actually what you want.  'Set
scroll jump' controls how quickly text scrolls.  Larger numbers mean faster
scrolling.
@EndNode
@Node MaxScroll "Max scroll   xx..."
                            Max scroll   xx...
    One  of  the important design goals of CygnusEd was to ensure that,
whenever  possible,  cursor  moves  from one part of a file to another were
done  by  scrolling, rather than jumping to the new location and redrawing.
The advantage of scrolling is that it means that you intuitively keep track
of  how far you've gone and where you are.  If the screen redraws, you lose
all  visual  clues  as  to  where you are.  It can be hard to differentiate
between a move of several thousand lines and a move to the next line in the
file.
    'Max  scroll'  lets you control this.  It sets the maximum distance
that  CygnusEd  will  scroll.   If  you ask CygnusEd to move the cursor any
further  than  this  maximum  number of lines, either by using the 'Jump to
line'  command,  the  search  command,  or even the page down command, then
CygnusEd  will  redraw  the  screen rather than scrolling.  I strongly feel
that  'Max  scroll'  should  be set to at least several lines more than the
number  of  lines  visible  on  the  screen,  and to at least thirty or so.
However,  some  misguided  people  think  that speed is more important than
knowledge,  so  they  like  to  set  it  down to ten, or less.  These small
maximum  scroll  jumps  can  speed  things  up, but the price you pay is an
increased difficulty in following your travels through the file.
@EndNode
@Node Layout "Layout? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-5"
                  Layout? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-5
    Normally CygnusEd does not allow the cursor to go beyond the end of
lines.   The  cursor  is  normally  only  allowed  to  go  where  there are
characters.  Sometimes, particularly when using the vertical block command,
or  creating  tables, it can be useful to allow the cursor to go out beyond
the  end  of  lines.   Layout mode does this.  Turn this on if you want the
cursor to move beyond the end of lines.
    If  you  are out beyond the end of a line and you type a character,
CygnusEd  will  automatically  fill  in  the  necessary spaces to allow the
character to be typed at that location.  If you then delete that character,
CygnusEd will then remove those spaces.  Additionally, CygnusEd will remove
any  end  of line spaces and tabs as you scroll around the file, if you are
in layout mode.
@EndNode
@Node WordWrap "Word wrap? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-6"
                 Word wrap? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-6
    Although  CygnusEd  is  certainly  not  a  word  processor,  it  is
frequently used for writing of letters and other non-programming documents,
especially  for e-mail.  It has the advantage over word processors of being
extremely  quick,  keeping  up  with  even the swiftest typist.  To support
those who write paragraphs as well as functions, CygnusEd has a 'Word wrap'
function.   If  you  enable  this mode then whenever the cursor reaches the
right  border  (see 'Set right border') the current word and the cursor are
wrapped around onto the next line.
    However,  because  CygnusEd  does  not store text as paragraphs (it
stores  text  as  individual  lines which is the standard ASCII file way to
store  files)  and  because  CygnusEd  does not store any hidden formatting
codes, that's about all the the word wrap can do.  If you delete words from
the  middle  of a paragraph, the paragraph will not be reformatted.  If you
add  words  in the middle of a paragraph, no reformatting will happen until
you  reach  the  end of the line, at which point the entire end of the line
will be wrapped.
    If  you  edit  a paragraph and destroy the formatting, CygnusEd can
still help you out with its paragraph formatting command.  See 'Format' for
more information.
@EndNode
@Node InsertNode "Insert mode? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-7"
                Insert mode? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-7
    When  entering new characters CygnusEd normally pushes all previous
characters  out  of  the  way.  If you put CygnusEd into 'Insert mode' then
each  new  character  typed  replaces  the one previously under the cursor.
Insert mode does not effect deleting.
@EndNode
@Node TabsSpaces "Tabs = spaces? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-0"
               Tabs = spaces? - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-0
    When  you  press  the  Tab key, CygnusEd normally enters a real tab
character  (ascii  value  nine).   This  is the most space efficient way of
storing  tabs, and it allows you to then delete the tab with a single press
of  the  delete  or  backspace  key.   However if you move your document to
another  text  editor  that  does  not  support  the tab size that you have
chosen,  your  document's formatting will change.  Therefore CygnusEd gives
you the option to have all new tabs entered as spaces.  If you enable 'Tabs
=  spaces?'  then pressing the Tab key enters the number of spaces required
to move the cursor to the next tab stop.
@EndNode
@Node EditableFile "Editable file?"
                              Editable file?
    The  'Editable  file?'  command  allows you to tell CygnusEd that a
particular file should not be changed.  Any attempts to do so will cause an
error  message.   The editable file flag will also get set if you load in a
file  that  you  do not have write permission for.  If this happens you can
enable  editing  in the file by selecting 'Editable file?', but you may not
be  able  to  write  your  changes  out to the file because of insufficient
permissions.
@EndNode
@Node StatusLine "Status line"
                                Status line
    CygnusEd's  status line is broken up into two parts.  The left hand
part  normally  displays  as  much  of  the path name of the loaded file as
possible, but can be made to display other information through the controls
below.  The left half also normally displays a view number at the left edge
if there is more than one view on a particular file.
    The  right  half  of  the  status  line  always  displays  the same
information, in the following format:
        KLWIT * line 1000 col 234
    These symbols mean:
    'K'  - if this is present, CygnusEd is in Keypad=Movement mode, and
the  numeric keypad is setup for cursor movement instead of typing numbers.
Type Amiga-8 to toggle this.
    'L' - if this is present, that file is in Layout mode and the cursor
can go beyond the end of lines.  Type Amiga-5 to toggle this.
    'W' - if this is present, that file is in Word wrap mode, and words
will  wrap  around  when  typed  beyond  the right border.  Type Amiga-6 to
toggle this.
    'I' - if this is present, that file is in Insert mode, and characters
typed will push other characters out of the way.  Type Amiga-7 to toggle
this.
    'T'  - if this is present, that file is in tabs=spaces mode and any
tabs that you enter will be replaced with the appropriate number of spaces.
Type Amiga-0 to toggle this.
    '*'  -  if this is present it means that the file has been changed,
that the change count (see below) is non-zero.
    The  remainder  of  the  right half of the status line displays the
current line number and column number for the current view.
    The  'Status line' sub menu allows control over what information is
displayed  in  the  left  half  of  a  particular  view's status line.  The
'On/Off?'  command  turns  the entire status line on or off.  If the status
line is off then the files name is showed instead.
    If  'changes'  is  selected  then the number of changes made to the
current  file  since  it was last saved are shown.  Each character that you
type  into  CygnusEd  counts  as  a change.  Each character that you delete
counts  as  a  change.  Pasting 50,000 characters into a document counts as
one  change.   Replacing  all  one  thousand  occurences  of 'the' with the
identical  text  'the'  counts  as one thousand changes.  So, the number of
changes  can  give  you  an  idea as to how much has been done to your file
since  you  last saved it, but it does not give you an accurate measurement
of how different your file is from the saved version.  Note that the number
of  changes  can  be negative, if you saved the file and then undid some of
the  changes - undoing a change reduces the change count by the number that
it  originally  went  up by.  If you type 'R' and then type 'Backspace' the
change  count will be two.  If you type 'R' and then select 'Undo' then the
change count will be zero.  In both cases the file will be unchanged.
    If  'pages'  is  selected  then the number of pages in the document
will  be displayed.  The number of pages is obtained simply by dividing the
number of lines by 66, a common printer page length.
    If 'Show ASCII values' is enabled then the status line displays the
numerical  ASCII value of the character under the cursor.  This can be very
useful when editing binary files (yes, CygnusEd gives you a limited ability
to edit binary files).  The ascii value replaces the KLWIT display.
@EndNode
@Node WhiteSpaces "White spaces"
                               White spaces
    If  you  are  very concerned about precisely what is in your files,
tabs  and  spaces  can give you some problems, because they look identical.
Ordinarily  the  only way that you can differentiate between them is to try
deleting  them.   The commands in the 'White spaces' menu allow you to make
tabs,  spaces and end of line (EOL) characters visible.  This can make your
screen  incredibly  cluttered,  but  if  you want to make sure that tabs or
spaces are used consistently in your files, these options are very useful.
    The   'Esc  codes  visible?'  toggle  is  a  peculiar  beast  which
demonstrates CygnusEd's small time word processing replacement aspirations.
You  can enter printer or console escape codes directly into your documents
to alter the appearance of text when printed.  However entering these codes
destroys the formatting of the document in CygnusEd so badly that it's very
hard  to  get  the desired appearance.  If you disable 'Esc codes visible?'
then  all  recognized  escape  codes  are  hidden  - the only sign of their
existence  is  that  the  following  character is printed in inverse.  This
feature is a bit anachronistic, and I don't recommend that you use it.
@EndNode
@Node ScrollBar "Scroll bar"
                                Scroll bar
    Scroll bars, especially proportional scroll bars, can be incredibly
useful  gadgets,  both  for  giving  you  smooth  analog  control over your
location  in  a  file,  but  also for giving you instant intuitive feedback
about  the size of your file and your location in it.  However, some people
feel  that  scroll  bars  waste  too  many  columns of valuable screen real
estate.   And some people running earlier versions of AmigaDOS occasionally
run into a bug whereby they can't move their mouse to the right edge of the
screen.   Therefore  CygnusEd  allows you to decide whether or not you want
scroll  bars,  and  which  side you want them.  You can even have each view
having  scroll  bars  on  a different size.  I'm not sure why you'd want to
though...
@EndNode
@Node SetScrollBorders "Set scroll borders..."
                           Set scroll borders...
    The 'Set scroll borders' command is a very important one for giving
CygnusEd its distinctive smooth scrolling and its uncanny ability to always
ensure that you have enough context.  Far too many text editors happily let
you  move  your  cursor  right to the bottom of the window, seemingly never
realizing  that  if  your  cursor  is  at  line  199,  you're probably also
interested  in  what's on line 200.  The scroll borders define a box inside
the window which CygnusEd tries to keep the cursor inside of.  Whenever the
cursor  goes outside of this box, by getting too close to any of the edges,
CygnusEd  smooth  scrolls  the  necessary  number of lines of text onto the
screen.  The only time CygnusEd will allow the cursor outside of the scroll
borders  is if there is no additional data to scroll on - ie; if the cursor
is  at  either end of the file, or the left edge, or the extreme right edge
of the longest visible line.
@EndNode
@Node ViewOperations "View operations"
                              View operations
    Although  the  Amiga's  wonderful  multitasking abilities mean that
there  is  technically  no  need  for  a  program  to handle multiple files
simultaneously  (after  all,  you  can  always just run another copy of the
program)  it  turns  out  that is frequently very useful to have many files
loaded into a simple program at one time.  It simplifies window management,
cutting  and  pasting,  and  keeping  everything  together  on  one screen.
CygnusEd  allows you to load multiple files, and it also allows you to have
multiple views on one file.  So, for instance, you can easily be looking at
the  opening paragraph of your doctoral thesis in one view while looking at
a  supporting  paragraph on page 97 in another view.  Because the two views
are  actually  looking  at  the same document, changes made to one view are
also made to the other one - you never need to worry about them getting out
of sync.
    To  create  a new view select the 'Split view' command.  This takes
the  current  view  and  splits  into  two  roughly  equal sized views.  If
necessary it will shove other adjacent views out of the way.  At this point
you  have created two cooperating views on the same file.  A common use for
this would be that when you are writing code that calls a function, you may
want to look at the functions definition earlier on in the file, or you may
want to look at some variable declarations earlier on in the same function,
but  currently off screen.  If you scroll back to look at these other areas
then  you  have  to return to your original location before you can use the
information  -  by  which  time  you may have forgotten.  Even using marked
locations  to  make  the  jumping  back  and  forth easy won't allow you to
examine  both  areas  simultaneously.  CygnusEd's multiple views and simple
window  management  commands  solve this problem.  Simply type 'Amiga-d' to
split  the  current  view in half.  Your cursor will be in the bottom view,
and  both  views will be displaying roughly the same area of the same file.
Jump,  search  and  scroll  to  the  area  of interest and cut or paste the
relevant  code.   Now  type 'Amiga-,' (Amiga-comma) to jump to the previous
view  -  the original one.  Type or paste in your code, while still looking
at  the  sample code in the view below.  When your finished, type 'Amiga-.'
(Amiga-period) to move to the next view (the recently created one) and then
type  'Amiga-q' to close that view down and resume your work.  It's simple,
fast  and  powerful.   You  never have to take your hands off the keyboard.
New  views  can  be  created  on a whim and destroyed seconds later, having
served their purpose.
    If you want to look at a different file, perhaps an include file, a
slight variation on the above process applies.  After doing the split view,
use  the  'Amiga-o'  shortcut to open up a new file.  This new file will be
placed  into  the  newly created view.  From that point on the instructions
are  identical.   In  this  case 'Amiga-q' not only closes the new view, it
also removes the new file from memory.
    Of  course  you  don't have to close the new view seconds after you
created  it.   You  can  have  up  to  twenty different views on a range of
different  files open all the time, and you can cut and paste between them,
use the next/previous view commands to move among them, or use the mouse to
select  a new view or size them, or size them from the keyboard with macros
attached to the 'Grow view' and 'Shrink view' commands.
    Now, onto the individual function descriptions.
@EndNode
@Node PreviousView "Previous view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-,"
               Previous view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-,
    This  command  moves the cursor to the previous view, the one above
the  current  one.   If  the  top  view  is  active, the bottom one will be
selected.  If only one view is open this command has no effect.
@EndNode
@Node NextView "Next view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-."
                 Next view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-.
    This  command  moves the cursor to the next view, the one below the
current  one.   If the bottom view is active, the top one will be selected.
If only one view is open this command has no effect.
@EndNode
@Node SplitView "Split view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-d"
                 Split view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-d
    The  'Split view' command takes the current view and splits it into
two  roughly  equal  sized  views on the same file.  If the current view is
less than three lines high then the surrounding views will be pushed out of
the way to make room.  If there is no room to expand the other views, or if
the number of views has already reached twenty then this command will fail.
@EndNode
@Node ExpandView "Expand view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-]"
                Expand view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-]
    This  command  expands the current view out to the maximum possible
size.
@EndNode
@Node GrowView "Grow view"
                                 Grow view
    This  command  moves the title bar of the current view up one line.
If  there  is  no  room to move the title bar up, the title bar of the view
below  is  moved  down  one line.  This command is rather useless as a menu
command  with  no  keyboard  shortcut, so I always use a macro to bind this
command to a key.  My usual choice is F8.
@EndNode
@Node ShrinkView "Shrink view"
                                Shrink view
    This command moves the title bar of the current view down one line.
If  there  is no room to move the title bar down, the title bar of the view
below  is  moved  up  one  line.   This command is rather useless as a menu
command  with  no  keyboard  shortcut, so I always use a macro to bind this
command to a key.  My usual choice is F9.
@EndNode
@Node Format "Format"
                                  Format
    The  format commands continue CygnusEd's imitation of a simple word
processor.  Selecting one of these two commands tells CygnusEd to treat all
the  text  from  the  current  line  down  to  the first blank line or line
starting  with  a space or a tab, as a single paragraph.  It then reformats
this  paragraph  to  fit  neatly  within  the  right border (see 'Set right
border').   The  left  border is always assumed to be the first column.  If
you  use  the 'With fill' option then spaces are added as necessary to fill
exactly  to  the  right border.  If you select 'Without fill' then no extra
spaces  are  added.   Normally  one  space  is  added after each word, with
additional  spaces  added  after  punctuation  such as periods, exclamation
marks, etc.  See 'Post period spaces'.
@EndNode
@Node PostPeriodSpaces "Post period spaces..."
                           Post period spaces...
    This   command,   added   exclusively  for  my  demanding  European
customers, controls how many spaces should be placed after punctuation such
as  periods  and exclamation marks when formatting paragraphs.  The default
is two.
@EndNode
@Node SendDosArexx "Send DOS/ARexx command..."
                         Send DOS/ARexx command...
    This  command  allows  you  execute  any  DOS or ARexx command from
within  CygnusEd.   Simply type the name of the command, and any parameters
which  it takes and the command will be run.  The output will by default be
sent to a standard console window which will only open up if the program or
script  being  run  produces  some  output.  The real power of this program
shows  up  when you embed it within a macro.  If you say yes when the macro
creation  process  asks  if  you  would  like the contents of the requester
stored in the macro then when you play back the macro it will automatically
execute  the  desired  script  or  command.   This  allows you to attach an
unlimited number of ARexx commands to arbitrary keys on your keyboard.
@EndNode
@Node InstallDosArexx "Install DOS/ARexx command..."
                       Install DOS/ARexx command...
    CygnusEd  allows  you  to  make  a limited number of ARexx commands
(ten)  show  up  in  the  ARexx  menu.   The 'Install DOS/ARexx command...'
command  lets you select these.  Select the number, from one to ten, of the
slot  that  you  would  like to use.  Then enter the command that you would
like  executed.  After installing a new command you should probably use the
'Save  DOS/ARexx  commands'  command  to  save your new configuration.  The
command  is  not  actually  run  at  this  point.   It can be run either by
pressing the appropriate function key, or by selecting the command from the
menus.  Don't forget to save your ARexx command definitions afterwards.
@EndNode
@Node LoadDosARexx "Load DOS/ARexx commands..."
                        Load DOS/ARexx commands...
    This  command loads a set of ten DOS and ARexx command names from a
file (default name s:RexxCommands) and places them in the user configurable
ARexx commands menu.
@EndNode
@Node SaveDosARexx "Save DOS/ARexx commands..."
                        Save DOS/ARexx commands...
    This  command  saves  the  current set of ten DOS and ARexx command
names  into  a  file (default name S:RexxCommands).  If you use the default
name  then the command names will be automatically loaded in again when you
next run CygnusEd.
@EndNode
@Node SendDosARexx "Send DOS/ARexx output to..."
                        Send DOS/ARexx output to...
    Executing Dos and ARexx commands frequently produces output. If you
don't  ever  want to see this, use this command to set the output file name
to  'nil:',  or  if you have a version of AmigaDOS where the method doesn't
work, use the public domain 'null:' device, which has the same effect.
    Alternately,  you  can  send  the output to a file on disk, or to a
console window.  The default output file is:
"con:0/0/640/90/Ced<->Dos\Rexx/Inactive/Auto/Close/Wait"
    Roughly  translated  this means a console window, opening up in the
upper  left  hand corner of the workbench screen (0,0), 640 by 90 pixels in
size,  with  a  title bar saying 'Ced<->Dos\Rexx'.  The console window will
open  inactive,  it won't open until the commands actually print something,
it  will  have  a  close  gadget and it will allow you close it even though
CygnusEd still has it open.
    CygnusEd  opens  the  output  file,  whatever  it may be, once only
(unless  you  change  it).   That means, in the case of the default console
file,  that if you execute a number of commands, each producing output, all
of  their  output  will remain for you to view at your leisure, and it will
all  be  in  one  console  window.   The downside is that it means that the
window  doesn't  automatically  go away when the commands finish executing.
However,  since  it  doesn't  come  up active, and since you can make it as
small  as desired, or use the 'null:' device, that shouldn't really matter.
Finally,  if  you  want, you can use the standard 'publicscreen' keyword to
cause  the output console window to open up on any public screen, including
CygnusEd's.   This can allow you, for instance, to look at the results of a
testrun  of  your  program  on  the same screen as your source code.  Other
conole  windows, including regular CLI shells can also be made to appear on
CygnusEd's  screen,  allowing  you  to  do directory listings and other DOS
commands from within CygnusEd.
@EndNode
@Node EnterASCII "Enter ASCII... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga--"
               Enter ASCII... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga--
    The  'Enter ASCII...' command is used to enter a character into the
current  file  by typing in its ascii value.  For instance, the ASCII value
of the space character is 32, the ASCII value of the number one is 49.  The
ASCII  values  range  from  zero  to  255,  and  can be entered in decimal,
hexadecimal (base 16 - precede the numbers with either a dollar sign '$' or
'0x'),  or  even base 2 (precede the numbers with a percent sign '%').  The
Enter  Ascii  requester keeps on returning until you select 'Cancel' or hit
return  when  it  is  empty.   This allows you to easily enter sequences of
ASCII values.  Any character can be entered into CygnusEd.
@EndNode
@Node CenterCursor "Center cursor - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-="
               Center cursor - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-=
    The  'Center  cursor' command attempts to place the cursor, and the
line  of  text  that  it  is  on,  in the center of the current window.  It
scrolls  the  current  file up or down in order to do this.  The only thing
that  will  stop  CygnusEd  from  vertically centering the cursor is if the
cursor  is  too  close to the either end of the current file, in which case
the scrolling will stop when the top or bottom of the file meets the top or
bottom  of  the window.  The cursor is not horizontally centered.  The text
is not altered.
@EndNode
@Node CenterLine "Center line - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-\"
                Center line - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-\
    The  'Center  line'  command takes the current line of text, strips
all white space (space characters and tabs) from each end, and then centers
the result in the area between column zero and the user defined right edge.
The centering is done by padding the beginning of the file with spaces.  If
the line is too long to fit then it is not changed at all.
@EndNode
@Node RepeatKeyMenu "Repeat key/menu... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-\"
             Repeat key/menu... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-\
    The 'Repeat key/menu' command is a powerful command for mechanizing
repetitive  work.   When you select this command q requester appears asking
for  the  desired repeat count.  After you enter it, CygnusEd waits for you
to  type  any key or select any menu item, at which point it repeats it the
desired  number  of  times.   If  you  need  to  type in exactly eighty '*'
characters,  or  if  you  need to move the character down exactly 93 lines,
this  command  is  perfect.   If  you  need  to  do one of these operations
frequently  you  can  define  a macro which contains a repeat command - the
repeated keystrokes will be recorded in the macro just as if you typed them
yourself.   Additionally, if you have a macro which you would like repeated
dozens  of times, this command will do that.  And don't forget that you can
repeat  any  keystroke  and  any  menu  -  there  doesn't even have to be a
keyboard shortcut for the menu, just select it with the mouse if you want.
@EndNode
@Node FindMatching "Find matching bracket - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-h"
           Find matching bracket - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-h
    The  'Find  matching  bracket'  command  is  extremely  useful  for
programmers.   If  you  place  the  cursor  over  any  of the parenthetical
characters  ('(',  ')', '[', ']', '{' or '}') then CygnusEd will search for
its  mate.  In doing so CygnusEd will respect any other parenthetical pairs
inside of the same type.  For instance, if your cursor is on the first line
of  this text '((Testing)EndTest)' then find matching bracket will move the
cursor  to  the end of the text.  In this example, '(]TestingEndTest)', the
cursor  will  also  move from the beginning of the text to the end, because
']'  doesn't  pair  up with '('.  Using the 'Find matching bracket' command
twice in a row will always return you to your starting location.
@EndNode
@Node MarkJumpLocation "Mark/Jump Location"
                            Mark/Jump Location
Mark location 1, 2, 3 - Keyboard shortcuts - Amiga-!, @, #
Jump to mark 1, 2, 3 - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-1, 2, 3
    The 'Mark location' commands record the cursors current position in
the  file  so  that  you can easily return to a particular place in a file.
The  shortcuts were chosen so that, for instance, Amiga-shift-2 will mark a
spot and Amiga-2 will jump to that spot.  If you mark a particular line and
then add additional lines before that, the mark location will automatically
be updated so that the same line of text will be jumped to.
@EndNode
@Node Mark "Mark - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-b"
                    Mark - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-b
    The 'Mark' command is used for starting to mark a block for cutting
or  copying.   The cursor location when this command is selected is used as
one  end  of the block and the cursors position is used as the other end of
the  block.   Therefore, immediately after selecting this command, the area
selected  contains  no characters.  Moving the cursor forwards or backwards
adds one character to the selected area.  When you move the cursor forwards
through  the  file, the character under the cursor when you selected 'Mark'
is included in the block, if you move backwards through the file it is not.
    Note  that  unlike  most  text  editors  and  word processors, when
CygnusEd  highlights  a  block,  it  only highlights out as far as there is
actually  text.  This makes the block marking very useful for tracking down
over length lines or problems with extra or missing text.
    The  contents  of  the clipboard are not affected unless you select
'Cut' or 'Copy'.
    Marking a block can be cancelled by selecting 'Mark' again.
@EndNode
@Node MarkColumnar "Mark columnar - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-B"
               Mark columnar - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-B
    The 'Mark columnar' command is similar to the 'Mark' command except
that  the  marked  out area is always a rectangle.  This is very useful for
removing  columns  from  tables, adjusting indenting, creating script files
and  much  more.  If you paste in a columnar block then all of the lines of
the  block are pasted in at the same column number in adjacent lines of the
file,  padding  the  lines  with  spaces if necessary.  The other important
difference  when  pasting  a  vertical block is that the cursor position is
adjusted  differently.  Pasting a normal block leaves the cursor one column
to  the  right  of  the  last  character  inserted.  Pasting a columnar, or
vertical  block, leaves the cursor one row below the first character of the
last  line  inserted.   This  is  very handy if you want to insert the same
columnar  block multiple times because you can just keep on pasting and the
blocks  all  stack  downwards.   The  most  common  use for this is to do a
columnar  cut on a tab character and then hold down Amiga-V to repetitively
paste  this  tab  character  in,  thus indenting a section of text or code.
Doing  this with a regular block would require extra cursor movements after
each paste, or a macro.
    Marking  a  columnar  block  can  be  cancelled  by selecting 'Mark
columnar' again.  Selecting 'Mark' after 'Mark columnar' merely changes the
type  of  block  being  marked from a columnar block to a normal block, and
vice versa.
    Columnar  blocks  frequently  enclose  areas  with lines of varying
lengths.  In this situation it is sometimes necessary, when cutting or when
pasting,  to  move  the  cursor beyond the end of the current line to allow
cutting  out  text  on a longer line earlier on.  For this reason, columnar
blocks are frequently used in 'Layout mode' (see layout mode)
@EndNode
@Node Cut "Cut - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-x"
                    Cut - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-x
    The  'Cut'  command  cuts  the  currently  marked area to the Amiga
clipboard.   If CygnusEd is not in mark or mark columnar modef, the warning
'No  area selected' appears.  If no characters are selected, either because
the  cursor  is  on  top  of the block start or because the cursor is right
below  the  block  start  in  columnar  mode,  a requester warning 'No area
marked'  or  'No  area selected' appears.  Text cut to the clipboard can be
pasted  into  the same file, other files, other copies of CygnusEd or other
Amiga  applications,  including the standard console.  The selected text is
removed  from  the  file  and  'mark'  mode  is exited and the highlighting
cleared.   If  in  columnar block mode, all of the lines in the block range
are  shortened  by  the  number  of  characters removed.  If the block is a
columnar  block  then an extra IFF chunk is placed in the clipboard to tell
CygnusEd  this.   This  chunk will be ignored by all other applications, so
other  programs  will  paste  CygnusEd's  columnar  blocks  as if they were
regular blocks of text.
@EndNode
@Node Copy "Copy - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-c"
                    Copy - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-c
    The  'Copy'  command is just like the 'Cut' command except that the
file is not altered.
@EndNode
@Node Paste "Paste - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-v"
                   Paste - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-v
    The  'Paste'  command  pastes  the  current  contents  of the Amiga
clipboard  into  the  current  file  at  the cursor location.  Normally the
clipboard  will  contain text cut or copied out of CygnusEd but it may also
contain  blocks of data from other programs.  The contents of the clipboard
are unaffected by the paste command.
@EndNode
@Node SetClipboardUnit "Set clipboard unit..."
                           Set clipboard unit...
    The  Amiga clipboard actually consists of 256 different clipboards.
Most  applications  only  use clipboard zero, but occasionally having extra
places to store temporary text can be very useful.  You can temporarily set
the clipboard unit to a different number, cut or copy some text, to back to
clipboard  unit  zero, do some more editing, including using the clipboard,
and then switch back to the different clipboard number to retrieve the text
you  cut out much earlier, unaffected by intermediate clipboard operations.
The  only  thing  to be careful of is that, since most applications support
clipboard  unit  zero  only,  you will not be able to cut and paste to most
other applications with the other clipboards.  The main way that people use
this  command is to setup three macros that switch to a different clipboard
unit,  cut,  paste or copy, and then switch back.  This lets you select the
appropriate  clipboard  without  having  to  adjust your settings manually.
CygnusEd  allows  you  to  store the clipboard numbers in the macro just by
saying 'yes' when asked when you are defining the macro.
@EndNode
@Node RotMarked "Rot marked"
                                Rot marked
    Occasionally  text  files  on  the internet are 'encrypted' using a
method  known  as 'rot13'.  The purpose of this 'encryption' is not to stop
people from reading the text but to stop them from accidentally reading the
text.   This  allows  people  to post rot13 rude jokes with a non-encrypted
warning  so that people can read the warning and then decide whether or not
to read the encrypted text.  The main advantage to the rot13 method is that
if  you  do  it  twice,  you end up back where you started from - therefore
encrypting text is done the same way as unencrypting it.
    The method, for those of you interested, is very simple.  Just move
all alphabetic characters forwards thirteen positions, wrapping around from
'Z'  back to 'A'.  If you do that twice then every character has been moved
forward twenty six positions, putting it back where it started.
    The  'Rot  marked' command rotates the currently selected text, and
deselects it.  Non alphabetic characters are unaffected.
@EndNode
@Node StripCRMarked "Strip CR marked"
                              Strip CR marked
    MS-DOS  based machines terminate the lines of their text files with
a carriage return (ascii 13) and a line feed (ascii 10), whereas Amiga text
files  are  terminated  with just a line feed.  This command quickly strips
out  all  of  the  annoying  carriage  returns  in  the selected text, then
deselects the text.
@EndNode
@Node ChangeCaseMarked "Change case marked"
                            Change case marked
    The  'Change  case  marked'  command  changes  all  of the selected
alphabetic  characters  to  upper  case if they are lower case and to lower
case if they are upper case.
@EndNode
@Node DeleteWord "Delete word            Ctrl+Del"
                      Delete word            Ctrl+Del
    The  'Delete  word'  command  deletes the next word in the file and
puts it in a special 'delete word buffer'.
@EndNode
@Node UndeleteWord "Undelete word      Ctrl+Alt+Del"
                      Undelete word      Ctrl+Alt+Del
    The  'Undelete  word' command pastes the last deleted word into the
file at the current cursor position.
@EndNode
@Node BackspaceWord "Bck Spc word        Ctrl+BckSpc"
                      Bck Spc word        Ctrl+BckSpc
    The  'Backspace word' command deletes the next word in the file and
puts  it  in  a special 'Backspace word buffer'.  This is separate from the
'delete  word  buffer'.   Backspace  word  deletes words to the left of the
cursor instead of the right.
@EndNode
@Node UnbackspaceWord "UnBck Spc word  Ctrl+Alt+BckSpc"
                      UnBck Spc word  Ctrl+Alt+BckSpc
    The 'Unbackspace word' command pastes the last backspaced word into
the file at the current cursor position.
@EndNode
@Node DeleteLine "Delete line - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-k"
                Delete line - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-k
    The  'Delete line' command deletes the entire current line and puts
it in a special 'deleted line buffer'.
@EndNode
@Node DeleteToEOL "Delete to EOL - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-y"
               Delete to EOL - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-y
    The  'Delete  to  EOL'  command  deletes  the current line from the
cursor  position  to  the  end  of  the line, not including the end of line
character.   It  shares  the  'deleted  line buffer' with the 'Delete line'
command.
@EndNode
@Node UndeleteLine "Undelete line - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-l"
               Undelete line - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-l
    The 'Undelete line' command pastes the contents of the deleted line
buffer (filled either by the 'Delete line' or 'Delete to EOL' commands into
the file at the current cursor position.
@EndNode
@Node RepeatSearchBackwards "Repeat search backwards - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-a"
          Repeat search backwards - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-a
    The  'Repeat  search backwards' command is used to search again for
the  last  sequence  of  characters  searched  for,  going  backwards.  The
keyboard  shortcut  was  chosen  so  that  its position, to the left of the
'repeat  search  forwards' shortcut would suggest searching to the left, or
backwards.   If  no  search  string  has  been  specified  yet,  the search
requester is brought up.
@EndNode
@Node RepeatSearchForwards "Repeat search forwards - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-s"
           Repeat search forwards - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-s
    The  'Repeat  search  forwards' command is used to search again for
the last sequence of characters searched for, going forwards.  The keyboard
shortcut  was  chosen  so  that  its  position, to the right of the 'repeat
search  backwards'  shortcut  would  suggest  searching  to  the  right, or
backwards.   It  was  decided to use the same shortcut as for 'Search for',
except  for  the  lack  of the shift key, to suggest the close ties between
these  commands.  As with the mark/jump to mark commands, the setup command
uses  the shift key, the reuse command does not, on the assumption that the
setup  command (marking a location or doing an initial search) will be done
less frequently than the reuse command (jump to mark or repeat search).  If
no  search  string  has been specified yet, the search requester is brought
@EndNode
@Node SearchFor "Search for... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-S"
               Search for... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-S
    The  'Search for' command is used to start searching for a sequence
of  characters.  A requester appears with a string gadget for typing in the
characters  to  be  searched  for.  Additionally there are five toggles for
controlling the search.
    Ignore case - when this is checked (the default) then the search is
case insensitive - 'a' is considered equal to 'A'.
    Wildcards  -  when this is checked the '*' character will match any
single  character.   Obviously  this is a fairly weak wild card capability,
but it can be very useful.
    Forwards  -  this controls the direction of the search.  By default
it is selected, meaning that the search proceeds forwards through the file.
Unchecking it means that the search goes backwards.
    Only whole words - this check box is very useful when searching for
small words, such as 'the', or a variable name such as 'i'.  Normally these
sequences  of characters would be found inside other words, such as 'then',
'there'  and  'whether'  or  'while',  'int'  and 'main'.  When 'only whole
words'  is  checked, it is only considered a match if the characters before
and   after   the  character  sequence  are  neither  alphanumeric  nor  an
underscore.   In  other words, it only counts as a match if the sequence of
characters  are  found as an entire word, rather than the beginning, end or
middle of a word.
    Replace  mode  -  toggling  this allows you to change from 'search'
mode  to  'search  and  replace' mode without leaving the search requester.
This  enables/disables  the  'replace'  string gadget so that you can enter
text to replace the search string with.
    There are two features of the search requester which are frequently
not  noticed.   The  first  is  that  there are menus, which give Amiga-key
access  to  all of the gadgets, and also allow cutting and pasting from the
Amiga  clipboard  into  the  search  or  replace  gadgets.   This  can make
searching much easier and less error prone, as you frequently don't need to
type  in  the text to search for.  There is also an 'erase' menu command to
clear out the search buffer.
    The  other  hidden  feature is the search history.  The up and down
arrow  keys  can  be used to look through the last twenty commands searched
for.   If  you  hold  down  the shift key while using the arrow keys then a
search  is  done for the next or previous search entry that starts with the
characters to the left of the cursor.
    As  search  can  be  started either with the Amiga-S, or by hitting
return or enter.
    CygnusEd's   search  routine  is  written  in  carefully  optimized
assembly  language  which  allows  CygnusEd to do a full, case sensitive or
insensitive  search with simple wildcards at the rate of 100,000 characters
per  second  on  a  7Mhz  68000.  Obviously on faster processors the search
speed is much faster.
    Special  problems  are  posed  by  trying  to  search  for  special
characters, such as tabs and end of line characters.  One way to search for
these  characters  is  to  copy them into the clipboard and then paste them
into  the  search requester.  This is a useful technique, and works even if
you  don't  know  the  key sequence for these characters.  A sometimes more
convenient  option is to be able to type them directly in.  With the end of
line  character  this  poses a problem.  Typing 'Enter' starts the search -
not what we want in this case.  It turns out, however, that the end of line
character  is also known as ctrl-J, which means that you can type ctrl-J in
the  search  requeter wherever you want and end of line character.  The TAB
character  is  usually  less problematic - just hit the TAB key, or you can
use ctrl-I.  A carriage return character is Ctrl-M.  Unfortunately, in most
fonts,  these characters show up only as hollow boxes, and it is impossible
to  tell  which  is  which.   Most  people  ignore this problem without any
difficulties,  but  if it annoys you you need to make sure that your string
gadgets use a font which has those characters defined.
    There  is  one  additional  complication  however.   Starting  with
AmigaDOS  2.0,  the  ability to type control characters into string gadgets
was  restricted,  to avoid confusion.  By default it doesn't work.  So, you
can  either go to preferences/icontrol and disable the 'Text Gadget Filter'
or  you  can  hold  down the Amiga key when typing these control characters
(Amiga-Ctrl-J - that's a bit tricky to type).
@EndNode
@Node RepeatReplace "Repeat replace - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-r"
               Repeat replace - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-r
    The  'Repeat  replace' command repeats the last replace command, in
the  direction  that  the previous replace went.  Note the similar keyboard
shortcuts  for  these two commands, evoking there similarities, and showing
the  same consistent relationship used in the search commands the mark/jump
to mark commands.
@EndNode
@Node Replace "Replace... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-R"
                 Replace... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-R
    The  'Replace'  command uses the same requester as the 'Search for'
command.   In  fact,  you  can  change  the requester from 'search' mode to
'replace' mode by toggling the 'Replace mode' check box.
    After  a  replace  command  is  started,  either by typing Amiga-S,
selecting  the 'Search' button or hitting return, CygnusEd searches for the
desired  text.  If the text is found the title bar for that file changes to
the message:
'(Y)es/(N)o/(L)ast(G)lobal/(T)urbo/(Q)uit?'
    Cygnused  then  waits for you to type one of the capital letters to
state your preference.  If you type 'Q', or any unrecognized character then
the replace is cancelled, and CygnusEd returns to normal.
    If  you type 'Y' then the text under the cursor is replaced and the
search/replace continues after the replaced text.
    If  you type 'L' then the text under the cursor is replaced and the
search/replace stops.
    If  you  type  'G' then the text is replaced and CygnusEd continues
searching  and  replacing  without prompting you.  Once you start this mode
you  can  stop  it  at  any time by pressing any key.  When CygnusEd does a
global  replace  it  still updates the screen, scrolling as needed, so that
you  can  see  exactly  what  is  going  on.   If this is too slow for your
tastes...
    If  you  type  'T'  then  CygnusEd does a 'Turbo' replace.  This is
similar  to  the  'Global'  replace in that no further promting is done and
that  you  can cancel the replacing by hitting any key.  However the screen
is  not  updated  (except for a running count of the number of replacements
done  in  the title bar).  This alone speeds up the replacing considerably,
but  additional  internal  optimizations  are done to ensure that as little
data  movement  as  possible is done.  This tends to make the Turbo replace
run  dozens  to  thousands of times faster than global replace.  This makes
global operations on multi-megabyte files a matter of just a few seconds.
    The  other  difference  with  'Turbo' mode is that, for purposes of
undo,  all  of the separate replacements are treated as one operation.  The
undo command will undo 100,000 replacements at once, whereas with the other
replacement options each replacement is undone separately.
@EndNode
@Node ClipToSearchBuffer "Clip to search buffer"
                           Clip to search buffer
    To  avoid  the  tedious and error prone typing in of search strings
CygnusEd  allows  you  to cut or copy text out or your files and then paste
them  into  the  search  buffer.   This  can  either be done with the paste
command  in  the search/replace requester (see the menus) or with the 'Clip
to  search buffer' command.  The main reason for having the 'Clip to search
buffer'  command is because it can more easily be put into macros and ARexx
scripts.
@EndNode
@Node SetASCIIzeroAlias "Set ASCII zero alias for search..."
                    Set ASCII zero alias for search...
    CygnusEd  will  allow  you  to load virtually any file in, anything
from  source  code  to  binaries.   All  of  the characters of the file are
displayed  and can be deleted, copied, pasted and searched for - except for
the  character  represented  by  the  ascii value zero.  The character '0',
ascii  48, is no problem, but ascii zero is a problem, because this special
value  is  used  to  terminate  strings in the C language.  'Set ASCII zero
alias  for search' allows you to specify a character, which when typed into
the  search  requester,  will  be  understood to represent ASCII zero.  You
should choose some character which you don't frequently need to search for,
because  when  using  this  option  you  won't  be  able to search for this
character,  as  it  will always get translated to ascii zero when searching
starts.
@EndNode
@Node ChangeCaseLetter "Change case letter - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-g"
             Change case letter - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-g
    The  'Change case letter' command simply changes the case (upper to
lower,  lower  to  upper)  of  the  character  under the cursor if it is an
alphabetic  character.   Whether  it  is or not, the cursor is moved to the
next  character,  allowing  you  to  toggle the case of a large sequence of
characters just by repeating the command.0
@EndNode
@Node ChangeCaseWord "Change case word - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-G"
              Change case word - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-G
    The  'Change  case  word' command changes the case of the character
under the cursor and all subsequent characters until it comes to the end of
the  current  word.   See next/prev word for the definition of a word.  The
cursor  is  moved  to  the end of the word, to allow easy repetition of the
command.
@EndNode
@Node UpperCaseWord "Upper case word"
                              Upper case word
    The  'Upper  case word' command upper cases the character under the
cursor  and  all  subsequent  characters  until  it comes to the end of the
current word.  See next/prev word for the definition of a word.  The cursor
is moved to the end of the word, to allow easy repetition of the command.
@EndNode
@Node LowerCaseWord "Lower case word"
                              Lower case word
    The  'Lower  case word' command lower cases the character under the
cursor  and  all  subsequent  characters  until  it comes to the end of the
current word.  See next/prev word for the definition of a word.  The cursor
is moved to the end of the word, to allow easy repetition of the command.
@EndNode
@Node Undo "Undo"
                                   Undo
Undo - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-u
Redo - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-U
Max undo levels...  xxx
Max undo memory...  xxxxx
    CygnusEd  sports a very powerful undo capability, a feature that no
text  editor  (or  other  program  for  that  matter)  should  be  without.
CygnusEd's undo is multi-level, allowing you to change your mind easily.
            Undo is useful for:
    Undoing accidental deletions of important text.
    Returning to previous versions of code or text if a new version
doesn't work out.
    Reminding  you what you were just working on (undo, then redo - the
cursor will go to the last change).
    Each  time  you  select  'Undo' you go further into the past.  Each
time  an  additional  change  that  you made to the file is reversed.  Each
character typed is a change, each block cut or pasted is a change - copying
a  block  is  not a change.  Only operations which actually change the file
buffer count as undoable changes - anything that updates the change counter
in the status bar.
    Changes  can  only  be undone in the strict reverse order that they
were done in, and they can only be undone one at a time (although you could
make  a  macro,  or  use  the  repeat  command to undo multiple ones in one
operation).   These  limitations  stem from the fact that trying to undo an
operation out of place frequently doesn't make sense - it may mean deleting
text that hasn't been typed in yet, or some other contradictory thing.
    When  you undo you are moving backwards through time.  You can then
decide  that  you  want  to  move  forwards through time again by using the
'Redo'  command.   This plays back your changes.  However, and this is very
important,  if  you  undo  several operations and then make a change to the
file,  like  typing  in  a  single  character, then the redo information is
necessarily  wiped out.  If you try to undo that new operation, planning to
then  redo  the previous operations, you will find that redoing will simply
redo  the  typing  of  that  character.   In other words, although CygnusEd
supports  time  travel  through  undo  and  redo, CygnusEd does not support
multiple concurrent paths through time - the contradictions and troublesome
philosophical conundrums are just too weird to ponder.
    Note that CygnusEd's undo allows you to undo past saves.  If you do
this  then the change count in the status bar actually goes negative!  This
is normal and expected behaviour.  The only time that this causes a problem
is  if  you  make some changes to a file and then save it, thus zeroing the
change count.  If you then undo one of these changes, the change count goes
to  negative  one.   If  you  then  change the file again, the change count
increments  to  zero,  and  CygnusEd thinks that no changes have been made,
when actually two changes have been made since the last save.
    The number of levels of undo that CygnusEd supports is limited only
by available memory.  Since different people have very different amounts of
memory  and  very different feelings on the importance of having a thousand
levels  of undo, CygnusEd allows you to configure how much memory should be
devoted  to  the undo buffers, per file loaded.  As the names suggest, 'Max
undo  levels'  specifies  that maximum number of undo events that should be
stored  per  file.   Up  to  9999  levels  are supported, but 100 is a more
typical  number.   Usually  just a dozen or so levels of undo are used, but
occasionally  you may find yourself heavily editing a file, only to realize
after  an  hour or so that you are completely on the wrong track - at times
like  that,  being  able to reverse all your changes can be invaluable.  If
you haven't saved then you could use your previous version on disk, or your
backup  version  (automatically  created  by  CygnusEd  if  you enable that
option),  but  if  you've  saved  several times, then undo may be your only
hope.
    Since  it  is  the memory consumed by CygnusEd's undo which is your
real concern, CygnusEd allows you to set the maximum amount of memory which
CygnusEd will devoted to undo buffers, per file.  The number of undo levels
supported is the smallest of the maximum number of levels specified and the
maximum  number  that  will  fit in the maximum amount of memory specified.
Since the size of undo events varies wildly (storing the typing of a single
character  in  the  undo buffer is cheap - storing the pasting in of a 100K
block   is  expensive)  the  number  of  events  in  the  buffer  may  vary
considerably.  Obviously setting both numbers high gives you many levels at
the  cost  of much memory, and setting the both low gives you few levels at
the  cost  of  little  memory.   Setting  the number of levels high but the
memory low means that the number of undo events stored will be high as long
as  the  undo  events  are  simple - small blocks or simple typing, and the
amount  of  memory  used  will  be  very  consistently  around the maximum.
Setting  the number of levels low but the memory high means that there will
almost  always  be the number of levels stored that you requested, and that
the amount of memory will usually be very small, but occasionaly quite big.
Unless  you are very short on memory, the defaults, or even larger numbers,
work very well.
@EndNode
@Node JumpToLine "Jump to line... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-j"
              Jump to line... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-j
    As  expected  the  'Jump  to  line' command moves the cursor to the
requested line number.
@EndNode
@Node JumpToAutoMark "Jump to auto-mark - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-4"
             Jump to auto-mark - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-4
    The  'Jump  to  auto-mark'  command  is  a somewhat unique CygnusEd
feature.   It  derived  from  the  observation that people quite frequently
briefly jump to a very different location in the file they are editing - to
the beginning or end or to a searched for string - and then want to return.
Clearly  the  way to do this is to mark their current location before doing
the  initial jump, but I usually forget, and I suspect that other people do
to.   So  CygnusEd  attempts  to  recognize  when  you  are  doing this and
automatically  set  a mark for you.  CygnusEd's algorithm for deciding when
to  set  the  auto-mark  is  simple - if the user moves, by any means, to a
location  that  is  too far away to scroll to, then the auto-mark is set at
the  old location.  Simple enough.  You can then use 'Jump to auto-mark' to
return  to  your  old location.  It doesn't always work, because you might,
for  instance,  jump  to  the  beginning  of  the  file and then search for
something  that  causes  another  jump  -  now  the auto-mark points to the
beginning  of  the  file.   However  it  works enough that I hate to use an
editor that doesn't have it.
    The only other time that the auto-mark gets set is when you use it.
If  you  do  a  'Jump  to auto-mark' then, even if the destination is close
enough  to  scroll to (it can happen, for subtle reasons), the auto-mark is
set, allowing you to toggle back and forth.
    Note  that  'close  enough  to scroll to' is a user settable thing.
See 'Max scroll'.
@EndNode
@Node JumpToByte "Jump to byte... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-J"
              Jump to byte... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-J
    The 'Jump to byte' command moves the cursor to a specific character
or  byte  location  in  the  file.   The  bytes  in  the  file are numbered
sequentially  starting  at  zero.   Note  that  the  cursor  column  is not
necessarily  related  to the byte number because some characters can expand
to  fill  multiple columns (tab characters) and some characters can take up
no  space  (escape characters, see 'Esc codes visible?').  This command can
be very useful for stripping the MacBinary header off of a file, as this is
the first 128 bytes.  Just do a 'mark', then jump to byte 128, then cut.
@EndNode
@Node CursorKeyMovement "Cursor key movement"
                            Cursor key movement
Shift+Cursor keys
    CygnusEd  was  carefully  designed  to  make  the  cursor  movement
commands  natural and easy to remember.  Instead of using Amiga-T to go the
the top of the file, the arrow keys, with their clearly implied directions,
are used with various qualifier keys.
    The  text  in  the  menus  gives  a  brief  description of what the
different  the  cursor  keys  do, always in the order up-arrow, down-arrow,
left-arrow, right-arrow.
    Holding  down  the  shift  key  moves the cursor to the edge of the
current page, roughly speaking.  Shift plus the up or down arrow keys moves
the cursor to the bottom or bottom of the current screen - as far as it can
move without scrolling.  If the cursor is already at the top or bottom then
it  scrolls  up or down one page.  Shift plus the right or left arrow moves
the  cursor  to  the  left  or right edge of the current line, even if this
means moving beyond the edge of the page.
    Holding  down  the alt key moves cursor twelve character positions,
columns or rows, in the appropriate direction.  This is one of my favourite
ways  of  navigating  a file, as it is less harsh and easier to follow than
moving  by  pages,  but not as slow and over delicate as moving a line at a
time.
    With  the  control keys the cursor movements are quite different in
the horizontal versus the vertical direction.  Holding down the control key
when typing the up or down arrow keys moves to the beginning and the end of
the  file  respectively.  Holding down the control key when typing the left
or  right  arrow  keys  moves  the  cursor  to  the previous and next words
respectively.
    CygnusEd's  word  movement algorithm is as follows.  It was defined
to  make  deleting  words  as  useful as possible, by trying to ensure that
CygnusEd  doesn't delete too much excess text.  If the cursor is on and end
of  line  character,  the  cursor is moved one character in the appropriate
direction  and  the  move  is  over.  If the cursor is over an alphanumeric
character,   it   skips   over  that  character  and  over  any  subsequent
alphanumeric characters, and then skips over any tabs or spaces at the end,
if  moving  forwards.  If the cursor starts on a non-alphanumeric character
that  isn't  a  tab  or a space then it skips that single character and any
following spaces or tabs, if moving forwards.  If the cursor started out on
a  tab  or  a space then it moves over all consecutive tabs and spaces.  If
it's  moving forwards then it stops then.  If moving backwards it continues
on   to  deal  appropriately  with  any  alphanumeric  or  non-alphanumeric
characters that follow.
    The  one  remaining  way  of navigating around files in CygnusEd is
with  'turbo  mode'.  This is a variable speed smooth scroll way of swiftly
getting  to  where  you  want to be, while allowing you to slow down at any
time  to  make  sure  you  know where you are.  You can smoothly adjust the
scroll  speed  from being slow enough to glimpse words in the file, to fast
enough that only the shape of the written areas can be discerned.  To start
turbo  mode  use  the  alt  key  together  with  the up or down arrow keys.
Initially  this  moves twelve lines at a time, but as soon as the arrow key
starts auto-repeating you're in turbo mode.  At this point you can lift off
the alt key to slow yourself down, or press the shift key to speed up.  You
can  smoothly  move  between these three speeds (holding down the shift key
only is the same as holding down the alt key only) as you look for the text
you want to find.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMac "MetaMac"
                                  MetaMac
    MetaMac  is  CygnusEd's  macro editor.  CygnusEd macros are usually
created  from  within CygnusEd, by simply doing the actions you want turned
into  a  macro  while  having  CygnusEd record them.  However if you make a
mistake while defining a macro, if you want to adjust what a macro does, or
if  you  just  want  to  see  what  macros you have defined, MetaMac is the
program for you.
    When  you  first  run  MetaMac two windows appear.  The left window
contains  a  list  of  all  of the macros that you have defined.  The right
window displays the contents of the currently selected macro, if any.
    Using  the left window is quite easy and intuitive.  You can change
which  macro  is selected by using the arrow keys or the mouse.  Macros can
be  deleted  with  the  delete  key  or  with the delete macro button.  The
project  menu  work  as  you  would expect.  The trickiest part is the 'Add
Macros' menu.  The three menu entries here let you find or create the three
basic  types  of  CygnusEd  macros  -  one key invocation macros, multi-key
invocation  macros,  and  a  startup  macro.  If you choose 'Find/Add short
invocation  macro'  then MetaMac asks you what key you would like to assign
the macro to.  If that key is already in use it selects that macro for you.
If it isn't in use, it creates an empty macro assigned to that key.  If you
never  define actions for that macro key then you have effectively disabled
that key.
    Using  the  right  window is somewhat more confusing.  First of all
note  that  the  complete  CygnusEd menus are attached to this window.  Any
keystrokes or menu selections that you make in this window are added to the
currently  selected macro, if any.  This is necessary in order to allow you
to  add  any  keystrokes and macros to a CygnusEd macro.  However it means,
for  instance,  that  you  can't use the arrow keys to move through a macro
definition,  and you can't use the delete key to delete one line of a macro
entry.   Instead  these  keystrokes will get added to the macro definition.
Moving  around this window must be done with the mouse, by selecting a line
or  by moving the scroll bar.  Deleting lines must be done with the 'Delete
entry'  button.   The one other operation you can do in the right window is
to  double  click  on an entry that contains some requester data, such as a
numeric  value  or  a  filename.   This  will  allow  you to edit it in the
appropriate requester.  See 'Insert Special' for more details.
 @{" New " Link "MetaMacNew"}
 @{" Open... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-o " Link "MetaMacOpen"}
 @{" Save - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-w " Link "MetaMacSave"}
 @{" Save as... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-W " Link "MetaMacSaveAs"}
 @{" Undo - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-u " Link "MetaMacUndo"}
 @{" About... " Link "MetaMacAbout"}
 @{" Quit - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-q " Link "Quit"}
 @{" Find/Add short invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-m " Link "MetaMacFindShort"}
 @{" Find/Add long invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-M " Link "MetaMacFindLong"}
 @{" Find/Add startup macro " Link "MetaMacStartup"}
 @{" Delete Macro " Link "MetaMacDeleteMacro"}
 @{" Delete Entry " Link "MetaMacDeleteEntry"}
 @{" Insert Special " Link "MetaMacInsertSpecial"}
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacNew "New"
                                    New
    The  'New'  command clears out the currently loaded macro file.  If
any changes have made you are asked to confirm before MetaMac proceeds.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacOpen "Open... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-o"
                                   Open
    The 'Open' command is used to load another macro file into MetaMac.
Since  MetaMac can only have one macro file loaded at a time, the currently
loaded  macro  file  is first cleared.  If the file has been changed at you
are asked to confirm before MetaMac proceeds.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacSave "Save - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-w"
                                   Save
    The  'Save'  command  is  used  to save the macro file that you are
currently  working  on to the file name associated with it.  If there is no
file  name  associated  with  it  then  the  standard ASL file requester is
brought  up  to  allow  you to select a file name.  If you want CygnusEd to
automatically  load  the  macro file in when it is run then you should save
the macro file as s:cedmacros or as cedmacros in the current directory that
you will be running CygnusEd from.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacSaveAs "Save as... - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-W"
                                Save as...
    The  'Save  as'  command  is  used  to  the macro file that you are
currently  working  on  to a new file.  You can save the macros to any file
name but CygnusEd will only automatically load the macro file at startup if
it  is  saved  as s:cedmacros or as cedmacros in the current directory that
you will be running CygnusEd from.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacUndo "Undo - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-u"
                                   Undo
    MetaMac has a very limited undo facility.  If you make some changes
to a macro then you can undo those changes if you have not selected another
macro  since.   All  of the changes are undone at once - there is no way to
selectively  undo  some  changes  to  a  macro  but  not  others.   If  you
accidentally delete a macro this can not be undone, because you necessarily
select  another  macro and thus clear the undo buffer.  If you accidentally
delete  a  valuable  macro, your best course of action would probably be to
reload the macro file without saving the changes.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacAbout "About..."
                                 About...
    The  'About'  command  merely  brings  up a box showing the version
number and other fascinating information.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacQuit "Quit - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-q"
                                   Quit
    The 'Quit' command tells MetaMac to exit.  If you have made changes
to  the  currently  loaded  macro  file, MetaMac asks you to confirm before
continuing.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacDeleteMacro "Delete Macro"
                               Delete Macro
    The  'Delete  Macro'  button  tells MetaMac to delete the currently
selected macro.  No warnings are given if the macro has been changed.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacDeleteEntry "Delete Entry"
                               Delete Entry
    The 'Delete Entry' command is the only way to delete entries from a
macro  definition,  other  than deleting the entire macro.  The reason that
the  usual  options,  such  as  using  the 'Del' key or marking a block and
cutting,  don't work is because these options are instead recorded into the
macro.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacInsertSpecial "Insert Special"
                              Insert Special
    The  'Insert  Special' command is used to add requester information
to  CygnusEd  macros.   This  information  is only relevant if it follows a
command  which  brings  up a requester.  Examples are commands like 'Open',
'Send  DOS/ARexx  command',  'Search  for', 'Jump to line' and 'Select disk
font...'.   These five commands are not the only commands that this applies
to,  but  they  do show off the five different types of requester data that
CygnusEd and MetaMac support within macros.  These are:
    Filename data - 'Open', 'Save as', any requester that just asks for
a file or directory name.
    Text  data - 'Send DOS/ARexx command', any requester that just asks
for a single line of text.
    Search  and  replace  data  - 'Search for', 'Replace', or any other
command that makes the search/replace requester appear.
    Numeric  data  - 'Jump to line', 'Jump to byte', any requester that
asks for a number.
    Font data - 'Select disk font...'.
    When  you  select this command a requester appears asking you which
type  of  data  you  would like to insert.  MetaMac will let you insert any
type of requester data, whether it makes sense or not.  If it does not make
sense in the context of the previous command, CygnusEd will silently ignore
    When  you  select  the type of data that you would like, a standard
CygnusEd  requester of the appropriate type appears.  Dismiss the requester
when you have selected the desired values and the data will be entered into
the macro and displayed in the right hand window.
    If  you wish to edit existing requester values, double click on the
line  containing  the  requester  values and the appropriate requester will
appear.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacFindShort "Find/Add short invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-m"
       Find/Add short invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-m
    This  command  is  used  to find an existing short invocation macro
(macro  that  is  invoked  with just one keystroke) or to create a new one.
When  you  select  this command you are asked to type the keystroke used to
invoke  this  macro.   If  that  keystroke  is  in  use, then that macro is
selected.  Otherwise a new macro is created, attached to that keystroke.
    Note  that  the  keyboard shortcut for this is the same as it is in
CygnusEd.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacFindLong "Find/Add long invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-M"
       Find/Add long invocation macro - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-M
    This  command  is  used  to  find an existing long invocation macro
(macro  that  is  invoked with a sequence of keystrokes) or to create a new
one.   When  you  select  this  command  you  are  asked  to type the first
keystroke used to invoke this macro.  After each keystroke you are asked if
there  anymore.   If that sequence of keystrokes is in use, then that macro
is  selected.   Otherwise a new macro is created, attached to that sequence
of keystrokes.
    Note  that  the  keyboard shortcut for this is the same as it is in
CygnusEd.
@EndNode
@Node MetaMacStartup "Find/Add startup macro"
                          Find/Add startup macro
    This command is used to find an existing startup macro or to create
a  new.   If  there is already a startup macro it is selected, otherwise an
empty  startup macro is created.  A macro file can have at most one startup
macro.   Having  any empty startup macro is functionally the same as having
no startup macro at all.
@EndNode
@Node RecoverCedFiles "RecoverCedFiles"
                              RecoverCedFiles
    Occasionally  while  working  on  your  Amiga an errant program may
cause your system to crash.  If you are working on valuable files when this
happens  then  this can be quite annoying.  With most programs you are just
out   of   luck.    CygnusEd,   however,   gives   you   a  second  chance.
RecoverCedFiles  is  a program which will scan memory for any files left in
memory  by  a  previous  copy  of  CygnusEd.   If  RecoverCedFiles  is  run
immediately  after  a reboot it will frequently be able to find all of your
files still intact in memory, and allow you to save them!
    This  is not a guaranteed thing, so don't go rebooting with unsaved
files  loaded, counting on RecoverCedFiles to find them.  Two things can go
wrong.   One is that the magic cookies which RecoverCedFiles uses to locate
files  in memory may get destroyed, in which case the files can not even be
located.   This  can happen because your startup-sequence uses that area of
memory, or because you have a memory board that doesn't continue refreshing
memory while rebooting.
    The  other  thing  that  can go wrong is even worse.  Sometimes the
magic  cookies  survive,  but the file data does not.  There is no way that
CygnusEd  can distinguish good data from corrupted data.  CygnusEd does not
maintain  any  data  integrity  checksum for this purpose.  Therefore, when
recovering  files  with  RecoverCedFiles  is  is  VITAL  that  you save the
recovered  files  to  a  different  file name, and check to see whether the
changes  from  the  previous  version are the changes that you typed in, or
random  memory  errors  or  overwrites.  If you use RecoverCedFiles to save
over  top  of  the  previous  version  of the file then RecoverCedFiles may
unwittingly participate in the destruction of your data.
    To  increase  the  change  of  RecoverCedFiles  succeeding,  it  is
important  to  run  RecoverCedFiles as early on in the rebooting process as
possible.  We recommend that you use ctrl-D to abort your startup sequence,
because the loading of commodities and the allocation of disk buffers could
easily  overwrite  the  memory  that  CygnusEd  was  using, making recovery
impossible.
@EndNode
@Node ViewsOverview "Views overview"
                             Views overview
    CygnusEd  allows you to have multiple cooperating views on a single
file.   All  of these views are windows into the same data.  Changes in one
view are reflected in the others.  In fact, if several views are displaying
the same area of a particular file, you can see changes happening in all of
the views simultaneously.
    Although  the  Amiga's  wonderful  multitasking abilities mean that
there  is  technically  no  need  for  a  program  to handle multiple files
simultaneously  (after  all,  you  can  always just run another copy of the
program)  it  turns  out  that is frequently very useful to have many files
loaded into a simple program at one time.  It simplifies window management,
cutting  and  pasting,  and  keeping  everything  together  on  one screen.
CygnusEd  allows you to load multiple files, and it also allows you to have
multiple views on one file.  So, for instance, you can easily be looking at
the  opening paragraph of your doctoral thesis in one view while looking at
a  supporting  paragraph on page 97 in another view.  Because the two views
are  actually  looking  at  the same document, changes made to one view are
also made to the other one - you never need to worry about them getting out
of sync.
    CygnusEd's  text output routines are so fast, especially when using
an  eight  by  eight  font such as Topaz80, that you can have ten different
views  displaying  the same lime of text, type as fast as you can, and have
all  ten views show the changes, without ever falling behind.  And all this
works on a 68000 based Amiga 1000!
    You  can clearly recognize when you have multiple views on a single
file  by the #1, #2, etc.  text that appears at the left edge of the status
bar if you are displaying file names in the status bar.
    These are the commands for setting view specific settings.
 @{" Status line " Link "StatusLine"}
 @{" White spaces " Link "WhiteSpaces"}
 @{" Scroll bar " Link "ScrollBar"}
 @{" Set scroll borders... " Link "SetScrollBorders"}
    These  are  the command for doing view operations, such as creating
and destroying views and moving between views.
 @{" View operations " Link "ViewOperations"}
 @{" Previous view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-, " Link "PreviousView"}
 @{" Next view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-. " Link "NextView"}
 @{" Split view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-d " Link "SplitView"}
 @{" Expand view - Keyboard shortcut Amiga-] " Link "ExpandView"}
 @{" Grow view " Link "GrowView"}
 @{" Shrink view " Link "ShrinkView"}
@EndNode
@Node Ed "Ed"
                                    Ed
    Ed  is  a  command line or workbench program that is used to invoke
CygnusEd.  The advantage of using Ed rather than using CygnusEd directly is
that  if CygnusEd is already running, Ed will tell it to load the requested
files.   If CygnusEd is not running, Ed will run it and tell it to load the
requested  files.   That  way, you never need to worry about whether or not
CygnusEd is running.
    The  basic syntax for Ed is that you can specify any number of file
names,  with  optional  wildcards,  and you can specify a number of command
line  arguments,  starting  with  a  dash, to modify the treatment of those
names.  For example:
    ed #?.c
    ed  s:user-startup   source:ced/main.c
    Unless otherwise specified, you can always specify as many files as
desired,  and  you  always specify file specific options after the file you
want them to affect.
    -a Activate previously active file
    The  '-a'  command is the only option in this section that does not
apply  to  a  specific file.  The '-a' option tells CygnusEd to load in the
specified  files,  and  then move the cursor back to where it was before Ed
was  invoked.   This is particularly useful if you have a script which will
be  loading  files into CygnusEd at unpredictable times - this ensures that
the cursor won't be yanked
    -f Force loading
    The  '-f'  option  is  a  powerful  but dangerous option.  It tells
CygnusEd  to load the specified file, overwriting the file if it is already
loaded  into  CygnusEd.   This  option  is dangerous because the previously
loaded  file  will  be lost, even if there were unsaved changes made to it,
without asking the user.  '-f' stands for 'force'.
    -sticky
    There  are  some applications where an application needs to let the
user  edit  a  file, and then needs to do something with the file when they
have finished editing it.  Usually these programs let the user specify what
editor  they  would  like  to use, and many people choose CygnusEd for this
purpose.  However the default behaviour for Ed, the preferred way to invoke
CygnusEd,  is to return immediately, without waiting for the user to finish
editing  the file.  Normally this behaviour is what is desired - but not in
this  case.   This is precisely what the '-sticky' option was made for.  If
you  go  'Ed  -sticky filename' then CygnusEd will be run if necessary, the
specified file will be loaded into the new copy of CygnusEd, or an existing
copy  if  there  is  one,  and  Ed  will not return until the user finishes
editing  the  specified file.  The user can indicate that they are finished
editing  the  file  either  by closing all views on the file (with the Quit
command)  or  by  loading  another  file  on top of the file (with the Open
command).   Only  one  file  name can be specified on the command line when
using the '-sticky' command.  '-s' is a synonym for '-sticky'.  Unlike most
of  the file specific options, the -sticky command can go either before the
file name or after.  This means that you can define the name of your editor
to  be  'ed -sticky' and let the other application tack the file name on at
the end.
    -i Ignore
    The  '-i'  command line option tells CygnusEd to load the specified
file in if it isn't already loaded.  If the file is already loaded it tells
CygnusEd  to  move  the  cursor  to the view containing that file.  This is
particularly  useful  for  when compiler's need to ensure that a particular
file is loaded so that they can place the cursor on a syntax error.  If you
don't specify this option, or '-o' described below, then CygnusEd will warn
you  that  the  file  is  already loaded and will ask you to confirm before
proceeding.  The 'i' stands for 'ignore', as in 'ignore the file on disk if
it's already loaded'.
    -o Overwrite
    The  '-o'  command line option tells CygnusEd to load the specified
file  in even if is already loaded.  If the file is already loaded it tells
CygnusEd to overwrite the previously loaded copy.  If any changes have been
made you are asked to confirm before CygnusEd continues.  If you don't want
the requester to appear, see the '-i' or '-f' options.
    -v View only
    The  '-v'  command  tells  CygnusEd  to load the file to mark it as
non-editable.   This  setting  can be changed after the file is loaded with
the 'Editable file?' menu item under the Environment, File settings menu.
    Different  options can be combined as long as they don't contradict
each  other.   If  CygnusEd is not yet in memory, the CygnusEd command line
options can be used also.  For example:
    ed file1 -va
    This tells CygnusEd to load in file1, make it non editable and then
reactivate the previously active view.
    ed file.c -i ram:err/file.err -fa
    This  tells CygnusEd to load in file.c, if it isn't already loaded,
then  load  in ram:err/file.err, overwriting any previously loaded version,
then  put the cursor back to the previously active view.  This line ensures
that  the  needed source file is loaded, without losing any changes, and it
ensures  that  the most recent error file is loaded, overwriting changes if
necessary.
    See also:  @{" Command line options " Link "CommandLine"}
@EndNode
@Node CommandLine "Command line options"
                           Command line options
    When  running  CygnusEd  there are a number of command line options
that you can specify to alter its behaviour.  All of these can also be used
if  you  are  using Ed, the CygnusEd invoker, to run CygnusEd.  Some of the
options  don't  make sense if you are using Ed to pass new file names to an
already  running  copy  of CygnusEd, and are therefore ignored.  However we
recommend  that  you  always  use Ed to run CygnusEd and to load files into
CygnusEd,  because  that way you never need to worry about whether CygnusEd
is already running or not.
    If  you use the command line options below with 'Ed' then they will
only  have  an  effect if CygnusEd has not yet been loaded into memory.  If
CygnusEd  has  already been loaded into memory they will be ignored.  These
options can be specified together with file names, except for -r.
    If  you  use  CygnusEd on a regular basis you will probably want to
put  it into your user-startup script so that CygnusEd is automatically run
for  you  each  time you reboot your Amiga.  Normally when you run CygnusEd
its  screen  immediately  opens  up, but that is probably not what you want
when  running CygnusEd from the user-startup script.  The '-r' option tells
CygnusEd  to run but to go immediately into dormant mode - 'R'esident mode.
This  means  that CygnusEd has loaded in and is ready to start editing on a
seconds  notice,  but has not yet opened its screen.  You can make CygnusEd
appear  either  by  typing  the  Alt-Shift-Return hot-start sequence, or by
using  Ed to wake up CygnusEd, and possibly pass in the names of some files
to  be  loaded.  If you specify some file names on the same command line as
the '-r' option then CygnusEd ignores the '-r' option, opens the screen and
displays the files.
    -keepio
    Normally  when  you  run  CygnusEd from a CLI it disconnects itself
completely  from  the  CLI,  allowing  you  to  close the CLI at any point.
Normally  this  is what you want.  However it means that if you run any DOS
commands  from  within CygnusEd, a new CLI window will have to be opened up
to display the output of the commands.  If you would prefer that the output
of  DOS  commands run from CygnusEd go to the CLI that CygnusEd was started
from,  specify  the  '-keepio'  option  when  first  running CygnusEd.  The
'-keepio'  option  can  be  used with the Ed command, but will only have an
effect if CygnusEd has not yet been run - once CygnusEd has detached itself
from  the  CLI  it  can  never  reattach  itself.  If you use the '-keepio'
command  then  the  CLI  that  CygnusEd was run from can not be close until
CygnusEd exits completely.
    -pubscreen=
    CygnusEd  can  be  made  to open up on a public screen by using the
environment  menu  and then saving the environment.  However if you want to
be  able  to specify what public screen CygnusEd should open up on when you
run  CygnusEd,  you  can  use  the  '-pubscreen=' command.  The name of the
public  screen  that  you want CygnusEd to use should appear directly after
the  equals  sign,  with  no  intervening spaces.  Case may be significant,
depending on what version of AmigaDOS you are running.
    See also:  @{" Ed - the CygnusEd invoker " Link "Ed"}
@EndNode
@Node ARexx "ARexx"
                                   ARexx
                            DOS/ARexx interface
    One  of  the  things that makes the Amiga an extremely powerful and
versatile  computer  is its support of a common scripting language which is
designed to handle communication between multiple programs.  CygnusEd has a
powerful  ARexx  interface  which  allows  it to control other programs, be
controlled  by  other  programs,  or  it  allows  you  to  control  it more
precisely,  by  writing your own complex macros in ARexx and executing them
from  within CygnusEd.  By executing these ARexx scripts from within macros
that  can  be  attached  to  any  key,  you can completely remap CygnusEd's
keyboard.   Some  people  have  even gone to the extreme of using ARexx and
CygnusEd to implement small databases or data entry programs.
    This  portion  of  the  documentation assumes some familiarity with
ARexx  programming.   Although  it  is  possible to figure out how to write
ARexx  programs  for  CygnusEd  just  by reading this documentation, and by
looking at the sample ARexx scripts, it is much easier if you get a copy of
one of the excellent ARexx programming manuals.
    ARexx  is  a  powerful  scripting  language  that  has  been almost
universally  adopted on the Amiga.  It allows different programs to talk to
each  other and it allows the end user to add new features to programs that
the original authors never thought of.
    CygnusEd  was  one  of  the  first applications to contain an ARexx
interface.  CygnusEd's ARexx interface is very powerful and lets you attach
ARexx  scripts and DOS commands to any key on the keyboard.  These scripts,
or other scripts, can then control CygnusEd, or other programs.
    CygnusEd's ARexx commands are, by and large, the very same commands
which you see in the menus.  Exactly the same wording as what you see.  For
instance, to clear the current file:
    clear
    To save the current file under a new name:
    save as NewName.txt
    As   you  can  see,  ARexx  programming  for  CygnusEd  needn't  be
difficult.
    When  specifying  menu  commands from ARexx, case is not important.
Keyboard  shortcuts, such as Amiga-a, or Ctrl+Esc, should not be specified.
Neither should the ellipses, which indicate that requesters will appear.
    If you wish to send commands to CygnusEd from a script that was run
from  CygnusEd  then  you  don't need to worry about the name of CygnusEd's
ARexx  message  port  -  your  commands  will  automatically be sent to it.
However,  if  you want to invoke your scripts from outside of CygnusEd, you
need  to  be able to tell ARexx whom you want to talk to.  The default port
name  for CygnusEd is 'rexx_ced'.  Note that, unlike most ARexx port names,
CygnusEd's  is all lower case.  This means that you must be very careful to
enclose  it  in  quotes, or else ARexx will upper case it and communication
will  fail.   If  multiple  copies of CygnusEd are run, the additional port
names  will be of the form 'rexx_ced1', 'rexx_ced2', etc.  Invoke the About
command to see the current port name.
    Results  are  returned  from ARexx programs in the Result variable.
However this is only done if you have enabled returning of results with the
'Options  results'  ARexx command.  Additionally, if an error occurred in a
command then the RC variable will be set, and Results will be undefined.
    If  you  wish  to add a new command to CygnusEd, by making an ARexx
command  that can be executed from within CygnusEd, one way is by using the
'Install  DOS/ARexx  command' command.  To use this command, select it from
the  Special,  DOS/ARexx  Interface menu, choose a command slot number from
one  to  ten,  then  enter the name of the ARexx command.  The advantage to
this  method  is  that  the ARexx command actually gets added to the menus.
Don't forget to save your ARexx command definitions afterwards.
    The  other  way  allows you to attach an ARexx script to any key on
the keyboard.  Begin by defining a macro attached to the desired key.  Then
use  the 'Send DOS/ARexx command' command to send the desired command.  You
will  be  asked whether you want the contents of the requester added to the
macro  -  say yes, and end the macro definition.  Don't forget to save your
macros afterwards.
    Many  of  the  commands  in  CygnusEd's  menus bring up requesters.
Obviously  an  ARexx  script  isn't much use if it can't fill in the values
required  by those requesters without bothering the user.  CygnusEd's ARexx
interface allows you to respond to these requesters in a simple, orthogonal
way.   All  file  requesters  are  responded  to  identically.   All yes/no
requesters  are  responded  to identically, and so on.  Any time you choose
not  to  supply data for a requester, the requester will come up.  If there
is  a  situation  where  a  requester  may or may not come up it is best to
always supply data for the requester, as it will be ignored if not needed.
    Some  commands  will  bring  up  two  requesters,  such as the open
command  when the current file is changed, is non-zero in length and has no
other  views.   In this case a yes/no requester will come up asking if it's
okay  to  proceed and lose changes.  If this is answered yes to then a file
requester  will  appear,  asking for the new file name.  If you detect this
condition in ARexx you can invoke the Open command like this:
    Open 1 'ram:newfile.txt'
    Note  that  if  you  do this when the above conditions do not apply
then  the  yes/no requester will not be called and the '1' will be used for
the new file name - generally not what you want.
                       Yes/no and 'okay' requesters:
    The response to these requesters can be given by putting either '1'
or  '0' after the command' '1' means yes, '0' means no.  Either response is
legal for a single gadget 'okay' requester.
                  Filename and directory name requesters:
    Commands,  such  as  Open,  Save as, etc., that require a file name
should  simply  have  the file name, typically enclosed in quotes after the
command name.  For instance:
    save as 'ram:file.txt'
                            Numeric requesters:
    Numeric  requesters,  brought up by such commands as 'Enter ascii',
should  be  supplied  with  a  numeric argument in the legal range for that
particular command.  For instance:
    Enter ascii 10
                            String requesters:
    String  requesters,  brought  up by such commands as 'Set icon tool
name'  should  be  supplied  with the desired string, typically enclosed in
quotes.  For instances:
    Set icon tool name 'C:ed'
                             Font requesters:
    If  you wish to change CygnusEd's font from an ARexx script you can
use  the  'Select  Disk  font' command.  Simply follow the command with the
name and size of the desired font.  For instance:
    select disk font emerald.font 12
                        Search/replace requesters:
    Search data needs to be supplied for the 'Search For' command.  The
'Search  For' command can be specified with no arguments, in which case the
search  requester  will  appear.  It can be specified with just a string to
search  for,  or  it  can  be  specified  with  a  string  and five boolean
parameters.   The five booleans, which must be specified in order as either
1 or 0, control the four check boxes in the search/replace requester.  They
are,  in  order  -  case  sensitivity, wild cards, forwards/backwards, only
words.  For instance:
    search for
    search for "Hello"
    search for "Hello" 1 0 1 1
    The  first  variation  brings  up the search requester.  The second
variation  searches  for  the string Hello, using the current search flags.
Note  the  quotes to prevent ARexx from upper casing the string.  The third
variation   searches   for   Hello   after  setting  the  flags  to:   case
insensitivity on, wild cards off, forwards on and only words on.
    The  replace  command  has  a  similar  syntax, with four different
variations:
    replace
    replace "Hello" "Goodbye"
    replace "Hello" "Goodbye" 1 0 1 1
    replace "Hello" "Goodbye" 1 0 1 1 1 t
    The  first  variation  brings up the replace requester.  The second
variation will search for the first instance of "Hello" and replace it with
"Goodbye", using the current search flags.  The third variation is the same
as  the  second  except  that  it  specifies  the search flags.  The fourth
variation  specifies  't'  for  'turbo'  replace.   This allows you to do a
global  replace  in  one command.  The other option for where the 't' is is
'g' for 'global' replace.  Note:  When specifying the 't' or 'g' option you
MUST specify a fifth boolean variable and it MUST be 1.
@EndNode